Tom Mix

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Thomas Edwin Mix (born Thomas Hezikiah Mix, 1880 – October 12, 1940) was an American film actor and actor in several early Western films between 1909 and 1935.

Mix appeared in 291 films, only nine of which were silent films.

He was Hollywood's first Western actor and helped define the genre when it first emerged in the early days of the cinema.

Early years

Thomas Hezikiah Mix was born January 6, 1880, in Mix Run, Pennsylvania, about 62 miles (100 km) north of State College, to Edwin Elias Mix and Elizabeth Heistand. He grew up in DuBois, where his father, a wealthy lumber merchant, taught him how to ride and love horses. He spent time on a local farm owned by John DuBois, a lumber businessman, who owned it.

Mix enlisted in the Army under the name Thomas E. (Edwin) Mix in April 1898 during the Spanish–American War. Mix never went overseas, and he later failed to return for service after an extended furlough when he married Grace I. Allin on July 18, 1902. On November 4, 1902, the AWOL had been listed as AWOL, but it was never court-martialed. After one year, his marriage to Allin was annulled. Kitty Jewel Perinne Perinne married Mix in 1905, and the marriage ended within a year. Olive Stokes was married in Medora, North Dakota, on January 10, 1909. Olive gave birth to Ruth, their daughter, on July 13, 1912.

Mix rode in President Theodore Roosevelt's inaugural parade, led by Seth Bullock, which featured several former Rough Riders. Hollywood publicists muddled this case to suggest that Mix had been a Rough Rider himself.

Mix went to Oklahoma and lived in Guthrie, where he served as a bartender and other odd jobs. In 1911, he was briefly the night marshal of Dewey. He worked at Miller Brothers 101 Ranch, one of the country's biggest ranching companies, and it was named after the farm, which covers 101,000 acres (41,000 ha). In which Mix appeared, the ranch hosted its own touring Wild West show. He stood out as a skilled horseman and expert shot at national riding and roping tournaments in Prescott, Arizona, and Canon City, Colorado, 1910.

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Film career

Mix began his film career as a supporting cast member with the Selig Polyscope Company. On October 21, 1909, he made his debut in The Cowboy Millionaire, a short film. In 1910, he appeared in a short documentary film called Ranch Life in the Great Southwest, in which he demonstrated his talents as a cattle wrangler. The film, shot at the Selig studio in Los Angeles's Edendale neighborhood (now known as Silver Lake), was a hit, and Mix became a leading motion picture actor.

Mix appeared in more than 100 films for Selig, many of which were shot in Las Vegas, New Mexico. They fell in love while Selig was co-starring in several films with Victoria Forde. In 1917, Olive Stokes was divorced from him. Mix and Forde then joined Fox Film Corporation, which had hired the Edendale studio by then, and Selig Polyscope had run into serious financial issues, and Mix and Forde later signed with Fox Film Corporation, which had leased the Edendale studio. They married in 1918 and had a daughter, Thomasina (Tommie) Mix, in February 1922.

During the 1920s, Mix made more than 160 cowboy films. These featured action-oriented scripts contrasted with Selig's documentary styled his scripting. Heroes and villains were often outlined, and a clean-cut cowboy always saved the day. On Saturday afternoons, millions of American children grew up watching his films. "Tony the Wonder Horse," his horse, has also become a hit. Mix did his own stunts and was often wounded.

Mix transferred his family and his family to Bar Circle A Ranch, which he purchased in Prescott in 1913. Any of his films were shot in his Prescott home. Mix had success in the local Prescott Frontier Days rodeo, which is claimed to be the "world's oldest rodeo." In 1920, he won the first prize in a bull-riding competition. The Bar Circle A Ranch has been turned into a planned community in Yavapai Hills, where there is a street named Bar Circle A Road.

Mix's pay at Fox hit $7,500 per week. Louella Parsons, a columnist for Gossip, wrote that his initials were in electric lights on the roof of his house. His appearances were realistic, with action stunts, horseback riding, attention-grabbing cowboy costumes, and showmanship. Mixville, a 12-acre (4.9 ha) shooting set, was constructed on the Edendale lot. It has been described as a "complete frontier town" with a dusty street, hitching rails, a saloon, a bank, doctor's office, surveyor's office, and early Western era wooden frames. A miniature plaster mountain at the back of the lot surrounded an Indian village of lodges. A virtual desert, a large corral, and (to facilitate interior shots) a ranch house with no roof were also included in the set.

Mix threatened to go to Argentina to make films or join the circus, but eventually signed with FBO, which then took him to Universal after salary disputes with FBO studio head Joseph P. Kennedy. Kennedy referred to him as a "tight-assed, money-crazy son-of-a-bitch."

Mix made friends with Wyatt Earp, who lived in Los Angeles and occasionally visited Hollywood western movie sets. At Earp's funeral in 1929, he was a pallbearer. Mix cried during his friend's funeral, according to the journals.

Mix appeared on the Sells-Floto Circus in 1929, 1930, 1930, and 1931 at a reported weekly salary of $20,000 (equivalent to $316,000 in 2021). In 1931, he and Forde divorced. The Great Depression, however, (along with the actor's free-spending lifestyles and many wives) reportedly wiped out the majority of his savings. Mabel Hubbell Ward, his fifth wife, married him in 1932. Universal Pictures approached him this year with an invitation to appear in "talkies" that required script and cast approval. He appeared in nine films for Universal, but he was unable to do any more because of injuries he sustained while filming. Mix then appeared in the Sam B. Dill circus, which he reportedly bought two years later (1935).

The Miracle Rider (1935), Mix's last film performance, received $40,000 for the four weeks of filming. Primarily on the outskirts of Los Angeles, outdoor action sequences for the film were shot on the Iverson Movie Ranch in Chatsworth, California. One of the many sandstone boulders was identified as Tom Mix Rock when it was discovered that it had been used in The Miracle Rider. Mix was shot descending from the ledge of the rock in one episode, with boot holes carved into it to help him with the descent. The rock and the boot holes, although unidentified, are in Chatsworth's Garden of the Gods Park.

Mix was also named as an honorary Texas Ranger in 1935. Mix has returned to circus performances, this time with his eldest daughter Ruth, who appeared in some of his films. He went to Europe in 1938 on a promotional trip, leaving Ruth behind to handle the spectacle. The circus eventually fell apart, but he later barred her from his inheritance. During his 26-year film career, Mix was reported to have earned over $6 million (equivalent to $119 million in 2021).

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