Nat King Cole

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Nathaniel Adams Coles (March 17, 1919-1965), also known as Nat King Cole, was an American jazz pianist and singer.

He has released over a hundred songs that have gone viral on the pop charts.

His trio was the prototype for the small jazz ensembles that followed.

Cole has appeared in films and on television, as well as on Broadway, and he has appeared on Broadway.

He was the first African-American man to host an American television show.

He was the father of singer/songwriter Natalie Cole.

Personal life

Cole entered Freemasonry about the time he began his singing career. He was born in January 1944 in the Thomas Waller Lodge No. 1 in the Thomas Waller family. 49 in California. After fellow Prince Hall mason and jazz guitarist Fats Waller, the lodge was named. He became Master Mason of the Scottish Rite Freemasonry. Cole was "an avid baseball fan," particularly Hank Aaron. Nelson Riddle related an incident from years earlier and told of music studio engineers, looking for a source of noise, and Cole discovered Cole listening to a game on a transistor radio.

When Cole and his first wife, Nadine Robinson, were on tour for the all-black Broadway musical Shuffle Along, they met. When they married, he was 18 years old. She was the reason he moved to Los Angeles and formed the Nat King Cole trio. In 1948, this marriage ended in divorce. Cole married Maria Hawkins on March 28, 1948 (Easter Sunday), six days after his divorce was final. Adam Clayton Powell Jr. married the Coles in Harlem's Abyssinian Baptist Church. They had five children: Natalie (1950–1995), who lived as a singer until death at the age of 65; an adopted son, Carole (1944–1995); and twin daughters, Casey and Timolin (born September 26, 1961) whose birth was announced in Time magazine's "Milestones" column. Maria helped him during his last illness and then stayed with him until his death. In an interview, she emphasized her musical roots and the class she exhibited despite her imperfections.

Cole bought a house from Col. Harry Gantz, the former husband of silent film actor Lois Weber, in Los Angeles' all-white Hancock Park neighborhood. The Ku Klux Klan, which had existed in Los Angeles in the 1950s, reacted by planting a burning cross on his front lawn. Members of the property-owners association told Cole that they did not want any "unwanted creatures" to enter the neighborhood. Cole replied, "Neither do I." And if I see someone who isn't welcome in this forum, I'll be the first to complain." His dog died after eating poisoned meat, something likely to him moving to the neighborhood.

Cole was hired to work in Cuba in 1956. He wanted to stay at the Hotel Nacional de Cuba in Havana, but was refused because it was a color bar. Cole celebrated his service, and the Tropicana Club concert was a huge success. During the next year, he returned to Cuba for another performance, performing many songs in Spanish.

Cole was assaulted on stage during a Ted Heath Band show in Birmingham, Alabama, when performing the song "Little Girl." Cole was allegedly assaulted by white female supporters incendiary boldface captions reading "Cole and His White Women" and "Cole and Your Daughter" and "Cole and Your Daughter" as part of the North Alabama Citizens Council, apparently attempting to kidnap him. The three assassinants staggered down the aisles of the auditorium toward Cole. The invasion of the stage was quickly ended, but Cole was escorted from his piano bench and sustained a slight injury to his back during the ensuing mêlée. He did not finish the show. Later, a fourth member of the organisation was arrested. All were tried and found guilty. Six men, including 23-year-old Willie Richard Vinson, were charged with assault with intention to murder, but a lawsuit was dropped against four of them later, resulting in criminal intent to commit a misdemeanor. 150 men from Birmingham and nearby towns were involved in Cole's original plot to attack Cole.

Cole, who was assaulted in Birmingham, said, "I can't worry about it." I haven't been to any demonstrations. I also did not join an organisation that promotes segregation.

Why should they attack me?"

Cole said he wanted to forget the incident and continued to play for segregated audiences in the south. He said he could not change the situation in a day. He volunteered to the Montgomery bus boycott and had sued northern hotels that had recruited him but refused to accommodate him. Thurgood Marshall, the NAACP's chief legal counsel, dubbed him Uncle Tom and said he should play with a banjo. A letter from Roy Wilkins, the NAACP's executive secretary, sent him a telegram.

Cole's appearances for all-white audiences, according to the Chicago Defender, were an insult to his ethnicity. "thousands of Harlem blacks who have attended the shrine of singer Nat King Cole's resurgent blacks decided against the NAACP this week, according to the New York Times, "thousands of Harlem blacks who had adored the shrine turned their back on the NAACP and said he'll continue to perform to Jim Crow audiences." "I'traitor's" discs would be a good start to many "uncle Nat's" discs, according to a commentator in The American Negro, "would be supporting his 'traitor's" theories and narrow way of thinking." Cole was chastised after being deeply wounded by the black press's sluggishness. He refused to attend other entertainers in boycotting segregated venues, emphasizing his opposition to racial discrimination "in any way." He spent $500 to join the Detroit branch of the NAACP. Cole was a leading figure in the civil rights movement up to his death in 1965, and he was a key participant in arranging the March on Washington.

Cole appeared in 1956 for President Dwight D. Eisenhower's televised birthday celebrations. He sang "That's All There Is to That" at the 1956 Republican National Convention, and was "greeted with applause." In 1960, he attended Senator John F. Kennedy at the Democratic National Convention to assist him. He was one of hundreds of entertainers recruited by Frank Sinatra to perform at the Kennedy Inaugural gala in 1961. Cole worked with Kennedy and his replacement, Lyndon B. Johnson, on civil rights.

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