Nancy Lincoln

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Nancy Hanks Lincoln (February 5, 1784 – October 5, 1818) was the mother of US President Abraham Lincoln.

Sarah and Thomas Jr. were both born with a daughter and a son, Thomas Jr. The family moved from Kentucky to Perry County, Indiana, in 1816, when Nancy and Thomas were married for just over ten years.

Nancy Lincoln died of milk poison or intake at the Little Pigeon Creek Community in Spencer County when Abraham was nine years old.

Early life and education

Nancy Hanks was born in Lucy Hanks, Virginia, at the time when she was a part of Hampshire County, Virginia. The same location is located in Antioch, West Virginia, today. Lincoln told William Herndon, "a well-bred Virginia farmer or planter," according to Abraham Lincoln's legal advisor. Nancy was most likely born illegitimate, according to William E. Barton in The Life of Abraham Lincoln and Michael Burkhimer in 100 Essential Lincoln Books, she and her family were able to convince Abraham that he was a legitimate member of the Sparrow family.

Nancy Hanks' grandparents, according to reports, were Ann and Joseph Hanks, who raised her from infancy to her grandfather's death when she was about nine years old. Joseph, and his wife and children were all living on 108 acres near Patterson Creek in then-Hampshire County, Virginia, at the time of Nancy's birth. Joseph Hanks sold his house on a mortgage and moved his wife, eight children, and young granddaughter Nancy to Kentucky in March 1784.

The family lived on land along Pottinger's Creek in Nelson County, Kentucky, until patriarch Joseph's death in 1793. Nancy's grandmother, who was referred to by the more formal name Ann rather than Nancy's common name, decided to return to her homeland, Farnham parish in Virginia. Nancy Sparrow, then Lucy Hanks Sparrow, married Henry Sparrow in Harrodsburg, Kentucky, two or three years ago, when she was young.

Nancy Sparrow, Henry Sparrow's brother Thomas, who died in Mercer County, Kentucky in 1796, she and his partner, Thomas Sparrow, came to live with the couple, whom she identified as both mother and father. Nancy Sparrow was known as "intelligent, deeply religious, kindly and affectionate." Dennis Friend Hanks, Lucy's sister, was also raised by Elizabeth and Thomas Sparrow in 1799.

Nancy would have learned the techniques and crafts that a woman needed on the frontier to plant crops and clothe, as well as feed her family. She learned to read the Bible and became an excellent seamstress, while working at the Richard Berry household before her marriage.

Lucy's marriage to Henry Sparrow gave birth to eight children, and Lucy's name gave her a reputation as a "fine Christian woman." During the Civil War and were teachers, two sons remained faithful to the Union and were preachers.

Hanks married Thomas Lincoln at Beechland, the home of Richard Berry, on June 12, 1806, by Reverend Jesse Head. Nancy was taken to the house by her companion Polly Ewing Berry, the wife of Richard Berry Jr., since October 10, 1794. Polly, a friend of Nancy Berry Jr. of Mercer County, Kentucky, was a good friend of Thomas Lincoln. Lincoln wished to her in his childhood home at what is now Lincoln Homestead State Park or in the Francis Berry house in front of the fireplace.

Richard Berry Jr., who described herself as Nancy's guardian, confirmed her marriage contract. "The name had no political significance," Warren Berry said, although Berry had never been so named, and Nancy Hanks was 18 years old." Under such conditions [no father would be allowed to sign the marriage contract], but to him, he was a courtesy customary. At the county courthouse, a registry of their marriage license is kept.

They had three children:

The young family lived on the Knob Creek Farm in what was then Hardin County, Kentucky (now LaRue). Nancy Hanks Lincoln was "superior" to her husband, a mild yet strong personality who taught young Abraham his letters as well as the extraordinary sweetness and forbearance for which he was well known. The Lincoln family immigrated to Spencer, Indiana, in 1816, the year Indiana became the 19th state, and the Lincoln family stayed at Little Pigeon Creek Settlement (now Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial). Elizabeth and Thomas Sparrow and Dennis Hanks stayed in Little Pigeon Creek the following fall, having lived in a shelter in which the Lincolns had lived before building their cabin. Although Abraham was ten years younger than his second cousin Dennis, the boys were good friends.

Nancy Hanks Lincoln is the author of Life of Lincoln, William Herndon.

Nancy was also characterized as "a brave, irresponsible, daredevil kind of woman," bringing the whole package of propriety.

Abraham Lincoln inherited his mother's beauty and demeanor. "Mild, tender, and intellectually inclined," she said.

Nancy Hanks Lincoln died on October 5, 1818, age 34, while living at Little Pigeon Creek Settlement. Abraham's nine-year-father helped her father with the creation of her coffin by whittling the wooden pegs that held the planks together. Sarah, an eleven-year-old, was caring for Abraham until their father remarried the next year.

Nancy Hanks Lincoln's death has sparked two theories. According to one, she died of "milk fever." Several people died as a result of the illness, including Elizabeth and Thomas Sparrow, who raised her and then lived with her on the Lincolns' farm at the Little Pigeon Creek settlement. The Sparrows died in September, weeks before Nancy's death, and Dennis took over with the Lincolns. The disease was caused by drinking the milk or eating the meat of cows that had eaten white snakeroot. The plant contains the potent toxin tremetol, which is soluble in the milk. The migrants from the East were unaware of the Midwestern plant's history and its effects. Thousands of people in the Midwest died of milk fever in the 19th century before people understood what caused the disease.

Nancy died as a result of consumption, according to the second version. "Mrs. Lincoln died as a result of a galloping quick intake," William Herndon, Lincoln's law partner and biographer, told fellow Lincoln biographer Ward Lamon. A wasting disease or tuberculosis is the cause. Nancy Lincoln also had a marfanoid body habitus (or a marfanoid type of physique) with the same facial features as her son, according to the same. According to this theory, she died of cancer (which is a wasting disease) related to multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b (MEN2B) and that the gene for this condition was passed on to her son (see Medical and Mental Health of Abraham Lincoln).

Nancy's grave is located in what has been described as the Pioneer Cemetery, as well as the Nancy Hanks Lincoln Cemetery. P. E. Studebaker, an industrialist from South Bend, bought her headstone in 1878. At least 20 unmarked and eight marked graves are on the site; Nancy Lincoln is buried next to Nancy Rusher Brooner, a neighbor who died a week before Nancy from milk sickness. "I remember very well that when Mrs. Lincoln's grave was full, my father, Peter Brooner, extended his hand to Thomas Lincoln and said, 'We are brothers now,' implying that they were brothers in the same kind of sadness. "My mother and Mrs. Lincoln's bodies were carried to their graves on sleds." Elizabeth and Henry Sparrow, both her childhood caregivers, are buried nearby. In present-day Lincoln City, Indiana, the cemetery is located on the grounds of the Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial, a National Historic Landmark District managed by the National Park Service.

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