Francois Rude

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François Rude (4 January 1784 – 3 November 1855) was a French sculptor best known for the Departure of the Volunteers, Le Marseillaise on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, but also known as Le Marseillaise.

(1835–36).

His art often spoke about patriotic themes, as well as the transition from neo-classicism to romanticism.

Early life

François Rude was born in Dijon on rue Petite-Poissonnerie (rue François Rude) on January 4th, 1784. His father, a blacksmith and locksmith, showed Rude how to forge iron, so he could take over the family business. Despite his father's indignation, he began studying at the School of Fine Arts in Dijon, which is part of the Dukes of Burgundy's Palace, while still working in the family industry in 1799. Louis Fremiet's deputy curator of the Dijon museum was his mentor. Rude learned both drawing and sculpture by using classical models. Fremiet saved Rude from being drafted into Napoleon's army in 1808 and sent him to Paris to continue his studies.

Rude began his studies at the Imperial Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris in August 1808, under Pierre Cartellier, a classical sculpture devotee. Several sculptors who later became famous, including David d'Angers, James Pradier, and the renowned animalist Antoine-Louis Barye, were among his classmates. As an undergraduate, he gained practical experience as an assistant to Edme Gaulle, who was contributing to the column's sculptural frieze to commemorate Napoleon's victories. He participated in the Academy's prestigious annual competition in 1809, finishing second with the purely classical Marius meditating on Carthage's ruins. He won two competitions in 1812, one for the most expressive bust with a touch of piety mixed with fear; and two others, Aristotle regrets the loss of his bees. The latter work was awarded the Grand Prize of the Academy, Prix de Rome, and the opportunity to study at the French Academy in Rome. The Academy in Rome was having financial difficulties, and the winners' departure was postponed. When Napoleon returned from exile in Elba, he was planning to return to Rome in early 1815. Rude decided to go into self-imposed exile in Brussels after Napoleon's last defeat at Waterloo and the second restoration of the French monarchy. He agreed to travel to Brussels with his teacher, Louis Fremiet, and two children, including Sophie, who was born in 1821, followed Rude's wife.

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