Hemanta Kumar Mukhopadhyay

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Hemanta Mukherjee, also known as Hemant Kumar (16 June 1920 – September 29, 1989), was an Indian music producer and singer who performed in Bengali, Hindi, and other Indian languages.

He was a painter of Rabindra Sangeet.

He received two National awards for best male playback singer.

Early Life

Hemanta was born in Varanasi, in the home of his maternal grandfather, who was a respected physician. His family came from Jaynagar, on the paternal side. In the early 1900s, they immigrated to Kolkata. Hemanta grew up and attended Nasiruddin School and later Mitra Institution School in Bhawanipore's south. He met his longtime friend Subhas Mukhopadhyay who later became a Bengali poet. He began a friendship with Santosh Kumar Ghosh, a noted writer. Hemanta wrote short stories, Santosh Kumar wrote poems, and Subhash Mukhopadhyay performed songs. Despite parental reservations, he left academics to pursue a career in music. He briefly attempted literature and published a short story in the prestigious Bengali newspaper Desh, but by the late 1930s, he was completely committed to music.

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Early music career

In 1940, Hemanta's first film song appeared in the Bengali film Rajkumarer Nirbbasan, which was scored by S.D.Burman. Nimai Sanyas was the first female to attend the Nimai Sanyas In 1941. Hariprasanna Dasan's music was scored. Hemanta's first compositions for himself were the Bengali non-film songs "Katho Shudhu Shono" and "Amar Birashe Priya" in 1943. Amiya Bagchi wrote the lyrics. In Meenakshi in 1942, his first Hindi film songs were performed, followed by Irada (1944 film) in 1944 under Pt. Amarnath's musical direction is unclear. Hemanta is considered the most influential promoter of Rabindra Sangeet. Priya Sangeet, his first recorded Rabindra Sangeet appearance, was in the Bengali film Priya Bandhabi (1944). The song was titled "Pather Sesh Kothaye." Under the Columbia brand, he released his first non-film Rabindra Sangeet album in 1944. "Aamar Aar Habe Na Deri" and "Keno Pantha E Chanchalata" were among the songs included in "Aamar Aar Habe Na Deri" and "Keno Pantha E Chanchalata." He had performed the song "Aamaar mallikabone" on All India Radio/Akashvani prior to that, but the album has now faded into oblivion.

Abhiyatri, a Bengali film, was his first film as a music director in 1947. Though many of Hemanta's songs received critical acclaim at the time, major commercial success eluded him until 1947. Jaganmay Mitra, Robin Majumdar, Satya Chowdhury, Dhananjay Bhattacharya, Sudhirlal Chakraborty, Bechu Dutta, and Talat Mahmood were some contemporary male singers of Hemanta in Bengali.

Career rise

Hemanta had established himself as a popular singer and composer by the mid-1950s. He was one of Rabindra Sangeet's most popular male singers in Bengal and perhaps the most in-demand male singer. Debabrata Biswas, the legendary Rabindra Sangeet exponent, was the first to popularize Rabindra Sangeet in Calcutta, 1911–1980), the first being the legendary Pankaj Kumar Mallick. Hemanta, a playback singer, established a niche as a composer in Mumbai. He composed music for Nagin (1954 film), which was a big success due in large part to its music. Songs of Nagin dominated charts for two years, culminating in Hemanta receiving the coveted Filmfare Best Music Director Award in 1955. He made music for a Bengali film named Shapmochan, in which he appeared in four songs for Bengali actor Uttam Kumar. Hemanta and Uttam, as a playback singer-actor pair, began this long association. They were the most popular singer-actor pair in Bengali cinema over the next decade. Hemanta composed music and performed for several Bengali and Hindi films in the 1950s, and Hemanta recorded several Rabindra Sangeet and Bengali non-film songs. Almost all of these, particularly his Bengali songs, became extremely popular. Hemanta was described as the zenith of his career, and he lasted almost ten years as the voice of God. Harano Sur, Marutirtha Hinglaj, [Neel Akasher Neechey], Lukochuri, Swaralipi, Deep Jwele Jaai, Kuhak, Dui Bhai, and Saptapadi in Bengali are among Hemanta's best known films from this period, as well as Jagriti and Ek Hi Raasta in Hindi.

Later career

Hemanta's contribution to Hindi films in the 1970s was negligible. He scored music for a handful of his home films, but no of these films were commercial or musical. Nevertheless, he remained the most prominent promoter of Rabindra Sangeet, film and non-film songs in Bengal. For the majority of the decade, his output remained strong. Some of them are Jodi chao tumi (1972), Ek gochha rajahu, Aamay nil dhrubatara..., Sedin tomay dekhechilam, 1974) and Khirki jante ko ghonta... (Phulee, 1975), and popularized Rabindra sangeet in films as per situation. In Dadar Kirti (1980), a very popular and classic example is the song Chorono dhorite diyogo amare. Hemanta debuted as a film director in 1971's self-produced Bengali film Anindita. It wasn't exactly well at the box office, but it didn't do so well at the box office. However, Diner seshe ghumer deshe was one of his finest and famous Rabindra Sangeet renditions. Hemanta continued to Hollywood in 2010 by responding to film director [Conrad Rooks] and scoring Conrad's Siddhartha's music and playing back O Nadire (composed and performed by him earlier in Neel Aakasher Neechey (1959). He was the first Indian singer to play back in Hollywood. Hemanta was given the citizenship of Baltimore, Maryland, by the US government; the first-ever Indian singer to obtain citizenship granted citizenship. Two major music composers in Bengal, Nachiketa Ghosh and Robin Chatterjee, who had been closely with Hemanta from the 1950s, died in the early to mid-70s. Simultaneously, Hemanta's music for Bengali films, including Phuleswari, Raag Anurag, Ganadebata, and Dadar Kirti, established him as the Bengal film music composer. Hemanta re-recorded some of his earlier works with composer Salil Chowdhury from the 1940s and 1950s. Vol. 2 of this album, Legend of Glory, has been released. 2 was a huge commercial success. Hemanta's 1980 heart attack had a major effect on his vocal skills, particularly his breath control. In the early eighties, he continued to record songs, but his voice was a shadow of its rich baritone past. Hemanta was lauded by various organizations, most notably by the Gramophone Company of India, for his 50th anniversary of music in 1984. Hemanta's last album with Gramophone Company of India was released in a 45 rpm extended play disc with four non-film songs. Hemanta released few non-film songs for small-time businesses that had arisen in the burgeoning cassette-based music market over the next few years. Only a few of these companies were profitable in terms of commercial development. He created music for a handful of Bengali films, one Bengali, and one Hindi tele-series. However, by this time, he had established himself as a patron and respected individual who was a courteous and courteous gentleman. In the South 24 Parganas district of West Bengal, his philanthropic activities included running a homeopathic hospital in honor of his late father's birth in Baharu. During this time, he appeared on All India Radio, Doordarshan (TV) and live programs/concerts. In a television interview with noted elocutionist Gauri Ghosh, his wife Bela Mukherjee that she never knew the number of families and people he helped with financially or otherwise during his lifetime; it was only after his departure that the truth was revealed. He was nominated for Padmabhushan in 1987, but he declined politely because he had already turned down a previous bid to buy Padmashree in the 1970s. He was publicly lauded in Netaji Indoor Stadium in Calcutta for 50 years in music, where Lata Mangeshkar presented him with the award in 1988 for his role in "Lalan Fakir." In 1989, he travelled to Dhaka, Bangladesh, to receive the Michael Madhusudan Award as well as perform a concert. He died in a nursing home in South Calcutta immediately after returning from this trip.

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Awards

• 1956 : Filmfare Best Music Director Award: Nagin
• 1971 : National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer: Nimantran
• 1962 : BFJA Best Music Director Award: "Swaralipi": Won
• 1963 : BFJA Best Music Director Award (Hindi): "Bees Saal Baad":Won
• 1964 : BFJA Best Music Director Award: "Palatak": Won
• 1967 : BFJA Best Music Director Award: "Monihar": Won
• 1968 : BFJA Best Music Director Award: "Balika Badhu":Won
• 1970 : Padma Shri (Refused)
• 1972 : BFJA Best Male Playback Singer Award: Dhannyee Meye: Won
• 1975 : BFJA Best Male Playback Singer Award: Phuleswari: Won
• 1975 : BFJA Best Music Director Award: "Phuleawari": Won
• 1976 : BFJA Best Male Playback Singer Award: Priya Bandhobi: Won
• 1986 : National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer: Lalan Fakir
• 1986  :Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for Creative and experimental music.
• 1986 : BFJA Best Music Director Award: "Bhalobasa Bhalobasa":Won
• 1987 : Padma Bhushan (Refused)
• 1987 : BFJA Best Music Director Award: "Pathbhola": Won
• 1988 : BFJA Best Music Director Award: "Aagoman": Won
• 1985 : Honorary D.Litt. by Visva-Bharati University
• 1986 : Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
• 1988 : Honorary D.Litt. by The University of Calcutta
• 1989 : Michael Madhusudan Award
• 2012 : Bangladesh Liberation War Honour,
• 2012 : Friends of Liberation War Honour (Posthumously)
• 1971 : The US government honored Hemanta by conferring him with the citizenship of Baltimore, Maryland; the first-ever singer of India to get USA citizenship.