Moe Howard

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Moses Harry Horwitz (June 19, 1897 – May 4, 1975), better known as Moe Howard, was an American actor and comedian best known as the leader of the Three Stooges, the farce comedy troupe that appeared in motion pictures and television for four decades.

Ted Healy and His Stooges, an act that appeared on the vaudeville circuit, began as Ted Healy and His Stooges.

Moe's signature hairstyle came about when he was a boy and chopped off his curls with a pair of scissors, resulting in a rough appearance that resembles a bowl cut.

Early life

Moses Harry Horwitz was born in Bensonhurst, Brooklyn, New York, the fourth of five sons born to Jennie Gorovitz and Solomon Horwitz. They were of Lithuanian Jewish descent. He was named Moe as a youth and later called himself Harry. Benjamin ("Jack") and Irving were not interested in show business, but he, his older brother Shemp Howard, and his younger brother Curly Howard became members of the Three Stooges. As his older brother Jack said, "I had many Horatio Alger books, and it was Moe's greatest pleasure to read them." He got his creative mind working and gave him ideas by the dozen. I believe they were instrumental in the transformation of a person of good character and success." This aided him in his acting career; he could recall his lines quickly and accurately.

Howard's "bowl cut" hairstyle became his signature, despite his mother's refusal to cut his hair in childhood and allowing it to grow to shoulder length. After being constantly teased in school, he secretly cut his hair in his backyard shed. "I used to fight my way to school, in school, and back home from school" during one of Mike Douglas' appearances on The Mike Douglas Show in the 1970s.

Howard's interest in acting sparked his grades to plummet and led him to play hookey from school: "I used to stand outside the theater knowing that the truant officer was searching for me." I would stand around until someone came along and asked them to buy my ticket. A parent is required to accompany a juvenile to the theater. I'd give him ten cents, that's all it cost—and I'd go up to the top of the balcony, where I'd stepped and watched, spellbound, from the first act to the final. "I would usually select the actor I liked the most and follow his progress throughout the play."

Howard graduated from P.S. despite his declining attendance. 163 students in Brooklyn, but he dropped out of Erasmus Hall High School after just two months, shortening his formal education. He undertook an electric shop course to please his parents but decided against it after a few months to pursue a career in show business.

Howard began working unpaid at the Vitagraph Studios in Midwood, Brooklyn, and was rewarded with bit parts in films until a 1910 fire destroyed the films made there, as well as the bulk of Howard's work. Ernest Lea Nash (later known as Ted Healy), who was later to give his a big boost in his career aspirations, was born in 1909. Both women worked in Annette Kellermann's aquatic show as "girls" in 1912.

Personal life

Moe Howard married Helen Schonberger, a cousin of Harry Houdini, on June 7, 1925. Schonberger persuaded Howard to resign as a child. Howard began to work in a variety of "normal" occupations, none of which were lucrative, and he soon returned to Ted Healy's work.

Joan Howard (April 2, 1927 – September 21, 2021) and Paul Howard (born July 8, 1935) Howard and Schonberger had two children, Joan Howard (April 2, 1927 – September 21, 2021) and Paul Howard (born July 8, 1935).

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Career

Howard continued his attempts to gain show-business experience by singing in a bar with his older brother Shemp before they were forced to stop it, and in 1914, when joining a performing minstrel show troupe on a Mississippi River showboat for the next two summers, they named "Howard and Howard—A Study in Black." They were also working on a rival vaping circuit without makeup at the same time. He joined Ted Healy in 1921 in a vain attempt at vain. At a theater performance in 1923, Moe heard Shemp yell at him from the stage. Shemp responded by heckling Moe, and the two brothers' amusing bickering during the show culminated in Healy's rapid deployment of Shemp Howard as a permanent employee of the department.

After his marriage to Helen Schonberger and then went into real estate with his mother, Moe retired in June 1925. In the meantime, Healy's appearance in the Shubert Brothers' A Night in Spain (January 1927-November 1928), which saw a huge tour, as well as a national tour, was successful. Healy recruited vaudeville violinist Larry Fine to join the troupe in March 1928 during A Night in Spain and at the end of a four-month run in Chicago, Illinois.

Healy signed for the Shuberts' new revue A Night in Venice in late November and signed Moe Howard out of retirement to return to the stage in December 1928. Howard, Larry Fine, and Shemp Howard were first together as a trio in rehearsals in early 1929. After A Night in Venice closed in March 1930, Healy and the threesome toured for a while as "Ted Healy and His Racketeers" (later changed to Ted Healy and His Stooges).

Ted Healy and His Stooges were on the verge of winning big time and released Soup to Nuts (1930)—featuring Healy and his four Stooges, Larry, and Fred Sanborn (Sanborn appeared in "A Night in Venice" as one of the stooges in "A Night in Venice)—for Fox Films (later 20th Century Fox). "Howard, Fine, and Howard" and Moe, Larry, and Howard erupted on their own as "Howard, Fine, and Howard," they premiered that performance at the Paramount Theatre in Los Angeles on August 28, 1930. They toured for almost two years, eventually naming themselves as "Three Lost Souls" and facing Jack Walsh as their straight man after being introduced to the RKO vaudeville tour.

Healy invited Moe, Larry, and Shemp to return to him for the 1932 Shubert Broadway revue Passing Exhibition, and the three smiled. Ted walked out on the Shuberts in New York on August 16, 1932, during Passing rehearsals. Shemp, who had not seen eye to eye with the hard-drinking and often belligerent Healy, gave his notice on August 19, 1932, and decided to remain with Passing, which closed in September after pan reviews of the first roadshow performances in Detroit and Cincinnati. In May 1933, Shemp joined Vitaphone Studios in Brooklyn, where he stayed for almost four years.

Moe suggested that his younger brother Jerome ("Babe") to Moe and Shemp) on August 20, the day after Shemp's resignation; however, no hunt was undertaken for a replacement. Jerry was initially rejected but Jerry was so keen to perform that he chopped off his lusurious auburn mustache and hair and ran on stage during Healy's routine. Healy was eventually hired Jerry, who went by the stage name Curly. On August 27, 1932, Moe, Larry, and Curly premiered with Ted on stage at Cleveland's RKO Palace. "Nut" comedians were hired by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer early 1933 to liven up feature films and short subjects with their antics, as shown by their appearances in Los Angeles, Healy and the Stooges.

Healy had been preparing as a solo character comedian after several appearances in various MGM films. With Healy starting his career in 1934, his Stooges (now renamed "The Three Stooges") signed with Columbia Pictures, where they remained until December 1957, making 190 comedy shorts.

Moe assumed Healy's previous work as the team's tenacious, take-charge boss: a short-tempered bully with a tendency to slapstick violence against the other two Stooges. Despite his outwardly cruel demeanor toward his peers, Moe was also very loyal and protective of the other Stooges on film, shielding them from harm, and, if it were to save them, he would do whatever it took to save them.

In his autobiography, he argued that the unhealthy aspects of his on-screen persona did not reflect his true personality. He also boasted of being a shrewd businessman by wisely investing the money earned from his film career. Nonetheless, the Stooges received no royalties (i.e., residuals) from any of their many shorts; they were paid a flat amount for each one; and Columbia retained the rights (and income) thereafter. However, Columbia permitted the Stooges to do live tours in the 1970s and 1980s, according to Larry Fine. Fine reported that the tours' profits had greatly increased their annual income.

Women Haters (1934), Columbia's first Three Stooges short story, in which their stooge characters were not fully developed. It wasn't a Stooge comedic comedy in the traditional sense, but rather a romantic farce; Columbia was then publishing a series of two-reel "Musical Novelties" as a result of rhyme, and the Stooges were hired to help comedian Marjorie White. The Stooges' main titles were updated only after they were established as short-subject actors. This is the version seen on television and video today that is this reissue print.

Punch Drunks (1934), the Three Stooges' only short film with Curly as a devoted boxer who goes ballistic every time he hears "Pop Goes the Weasel," is the company's only short film. They were nominated for an Academy Award for their first and only film, Men in Black (also 1934), and then their repeated declaration as young doctors, "For Duty and Humanity" was followed. They continued to produce short films at a steady rate of eight per year, including Three Little Pigskins (also 1934), Pop Goes the Easel (1935) and Hoi Polloi (also 1935), in which two professors bet trying to convert the Three Stooges into gentlemen.

The Three Stooges became hot in the 1940s, filming several anti-Nazi short films, including You Nazty Spy! (1940) clout (40) Moe's favorite Three Stooges film, I'll Never Heil Again (1941), and They Stooge to Conga (1943). These shorts, the first of which preceded Charlie Chaplin's film adaptation The Great Dictator by nine months, were highlighted by Moe's impersonation of Adolf Hitler.

Curly's brother Curly suffered a stroke on May 6, 1946, during the filming of Half-Wits Holiday (1947). Before the filming of Beer Barl Polecats (1946), he had already suffered through a series of them; Shemp, who decided to return to the organization, but only until Curly is fit enough to return. Curly, on the other hand, was seen in Hold That Lion! (1947) in a cameo (the only Three Stooges film to feature all three Howard brothers: Moe, Curly, and Shemp), it was an impromptu setup. In a short scene in Malice in the Palace, he was well enough to participate in his second cameo the next year as a chef, but the video was never used. Curly died at the age of 48 in 1952 after suffering a second series of strokes.

After Shemp returned to action, Moe Shemp and Larry shot Jerks of All Trades (1949), presumably leading to a weekly sitcom series aimed at the assumption that the Stooges will try a new job or market every week in the hopes that one of their attempts would be fruitful. Anything they attempted turned out to be a fiasco, which was the source of the parody. The pilot took a single day to film and was never broadcast. It was a kinescope film made in three-camera television production that was most likely to imitate a new live broadcast.

B.B. The show was not being broadcast by Kahane, Columbia Pictures' vice president of corporate affairs. Kahane warned the Stooges that a labor stipulation barred them from participating in a television series that might compete with their two-reel comedies. If Columbia wanted to sell the boys' book, they threatened to cancel them and bring them to court. The pilot was suspended and the scheme was scrapped in order to avoid a court hassle, but the pilot was forced to abandon it. The kinescope film is now in the public domain and widely available.

Shemp co-starred in 73 comedies, and the Three Stooges' collection of shorts continued to be popular into the 1950s. In a George O'Brien Western, the Gold Raiders (1951), the Stooges co-starred. In the 1950s, Moe co-produced occasional Western and musical films.

Shemp died of a heart attack at the age of 60 on November 22, 1955, prompting the use of another Stooge. Jules White, a Columbia regular, was hired by Shemp to complete four more films before Columbia head Harry Cohn hired Joe Besser in 1956. Howard wanted a "two-stooge" act, not Howard's, and Cohn's suggestion, not Howard's, was to remove Shemp as part of the act.

The Stooges replaced Shemp with Besser, who is well-known in Columbia comedy shorts and a frequent movie supporter. From December 1957, Joe, Larry, and Moe produced 16 shorts. The collecting of short subjects began shortly before Cohn's death in February 1958. Moe was recruited by Harry Romm as an associate producer, despite being occupied. According to Moe, reports (and later scenes in a 2000 made-for-TV biopic) that he was coerced to work as a gofer at Columbia are utterly inaccurate.

Under the Screen Gems brand, Columbia sold the Three Stooges' collection of short films to television. The Three Stooges quickly gained a new following of young fans as a result of this. Moe Howard, a businessman, assembled a new Stooges performance, with burlesque and screen comic Joe DeRita (dubbed "Curly-Joe" to express his vague similarity to Moe's late younger brother Curly Howard and to distinguish him from Joe Besser as the new "third Stooge." DeRita, as Shemp Howard and Joe Besser, had appeared in a series of his comedies. Many local television children's shows around the country have started showing the Stooges films, including Paul Shannon, host of Adventure Time at WTAE-TV in Pittsburgh, and Sally Starr at WFIL in Philadelphia. Some young fans attempted to imitate Moe's slapping, gouging, and crushing, causing the Stooges to warn them against attempting to recreate the scenes.

Have Rocket, Will Travel (1959), Three Stooges, and the Three Stooges in Orbit (1962) The Three Stooges Go Around the World (1963) and The Outlaws Is Coming (1965).

Howard, Larry, and Curly-Joe continued to make live appearances, many notable "guest appearances," including Frank Sinatra and Dean Martin in 1963's "Moment of Fire" as three firemen who appear for only a few seconds, as well as a longer appearance in 4 for Texas (also 1963) starring Frank Sinatra and Dean Martin. The men tried their hand at a children's cartoon show titled The New Three Stooges, with cartoons sandwiched between live-action segments of the Stooges shot in color.

During this period, Moe and the Stooges appeared on numerous television shows, including The Steve Allen Show, Here's Hollywood, Masquerade Party, The Ed Sullivan Exhibition, Danny Thomas, Off To See The Wizard, and Truth or Consequences. But, by the 1960s, they were all at a point where they could no longer risk serious injury while doing slapstick comedy.

The men were paid residuals for their subsequent efforts and began to receive the majority of the funds from Stooges' sales. As his show-business life slowed down, Moe sold real estate. However, he appeared in films such as Don't Worry, We'll Think of a Title (1966) and Seeker of Souls (1973), as well as several appearances on The Mike Douglas Show in the 1970s.

During a "where-are-they-now" book author Moe, his hair in a style that was popular at the time, made a surprise appearance. "Whatever happened to the Three Stooges?" Howard wondered as the audience got a chance to question the author about famous people. Douglas combed his hair into his signature style, which was finally understood by him.

In 1969, the Stooges attempted to make a final film, Kook's Tour, which was basically a documentary about Howard, Larry, and Curly Joe out of character, touring the United States and meeting with fans. Despite this, production was abruptly halted on January 9, 1970, Larry suffered a major stroke during filming, paralyzing the left side of his body. He died on January 24, 1975, at the age of 72. Larry was shot enough times that Kook's Tour was eventually released in a 52-minute version to home video. Howard asked long-serving actor Emil Sitka to replace Larry after Fine's stroke, but no one was fired at him.

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