Jeanne Moreau

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Jeanne Moreau (23 January 1928 – 31 July 2017) was a French actress, singer, screenwriter and director.

She won the Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actress for Seven Days... Seven Nights (1960) (which she shared with Melina Mercouri for her role in Never on Sunday), the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Actress for Viva Maria! (1965), and the César Award for Best Actress for The Old Lady Who Walked in the Sea (1992).

She was also the recipient of several lifetime awards, including a BAFTA Fellowship in 1996, Cannes Golden Palm in 2003 and César Award in 2008.

Moreau made her theatrical debut in 1947, and established herself as one of the leading actresses of the Comédie-Française.

She began playing small roles in films in 1949, with impressive performances in the Fernandel vehicle Meurtres? (Three Sinners, 1950) and alongside Jean Gabin as a showgirl/gangster's moll in the film Touchez pas au grisbi (1954).

She achieved prominence as the star of Elevator to the Gallows (1958), directed by Louis Malle, and Jules et Jim (1962), directed by François Truffaut.

Most prolific during the 1960s, Moreau continued to appear in films into her 80s.

Early life and education

Moreau was born in Paris, the daughter of Katherine (née Buckley), a dancer who performed at the Folies Bergère (d. 1990), and Anatole-Désiré Moreau, a restaurateur (d. 1975). Moreau's father was French; her mother was English, a native of Oldham, Lancashire, England and of part Irish descent. Moreau's father was Catholic and her mother, originally a Protestant, converted to Catholicism upon marriage. When Jeanne was a young girl, "the family moved south to Vichy, spending vacations at the paternal ancestral village of Mazirat, a town of 30 houses in a valley in the Allier. "It was wonderful there", Moreau said. "Every tombstone in the cemetery was for a Moreau". During World War II, the family was split, and Moreau lived with her mother in Paris. Moreau ultimately lost interest in school and, at age 16, after attending a performance of Jean Anouilh's Antigone, found her calling as an actor. She later studied at the Conservatoire de Paris. Her parents separated permanently while Moreau was at the conservatory and her mother, "after 24 difficult years in France, returned to England with Jeanne's sister, Michelle."

Personal life

Throughout her life, Moreau maintained friendships with prominent writers such as Jean Cocteau, Jean Genet, Henry Miller, and Marguerite Duras, (an interview with Moreau is included in Duras's book Outside: Selected Writings). She formerly was married to Jean-Louis Richard (1949–1964, separated in 1951), and then to American film director William Friedkin (1977–1979). She and Richard had a son, Jérôme. Director Tony Richardson left his wife Vanessa Redgrave for her in 1967, but they never married. She also had relationships with directors Louis Malle and François Truffaut, fashion designer Pierre Cardin, and the Greek actor/playboy Theodoros Roubanis.

In 1971, Jeanne Moreau was a signatory of the Manifesto of the 343 which publicly announced that she had obtained an illegal abortion.

Moreau was a close friend of Sharon Stone, who presented a 1998 American Academy of Motion Pictures life tribute to Moreau at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater, academy headquarters, in Beverly Hills. Orson Welles called her "the greatest actress in the world", and she remained one of France's most accomplished actresses.

In 2009, Moreau signed a petition in support of director Roman Polanski, who had been detained while traveling to a film festival in relation to his 1977 sexual abuse charges, which the petition argued would undermine the tradition of film festivals as a place for works to be shown "freely and safely", and that arresting filmmakers traveling to neutral countries could open the door "for actions of which no-one can know the effects."

Moreau died on 31 July 2017 at her home in Paris at the age of 89. Her body was discovered by her cleaning maid and shortly before her death, she said she felt "abandoned".

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Career

Moreau made her theatrical debut at the Avignon Festival in 1947. She debuted in a French-Française production directed by Ivan Turgenev, A Month in the Country, and by her 20s, she was already one of the country's best actresses by the time. Since 1949, she appeared in small films but stayed active in theatre for many years, beginning with a year in The Dazzling Hour by Anna Bonacci, followed by Jean Cocteau's La Machine Infernale and others before a two-year tenure in Shaw's Pygmalion. She began working with the emergence of French film-makers in the late 1950s after appearing in several hit films. Elevator to the Gallows (1958), with first-time director Louis Malle, followed by Malle's The Lovers (Les Amants, 1959).

Moreau went on to work with some of the best known New Wave and avant-garde producers in the country. Jules et Jim (1962), François Truffaut's most popular film, is based on her magnetic lead role. She worked with a number of other notable directors, including Michelangelo Antonioni (Latte and Beyond the Clouds), Orson Welles (The Trial, Chimes at Midnight, and The Immortal Story), and Manuel Manuel de Oliveira (Gebo and The Victors), Manuel de Oliveira.

She was the head of the jury at the 33rd Berlin International Film Festival in 1983. At the 27th Moscow International Film Festival in 2005, she was awarded with the Stanislavsky Award.

Moreau was also a vocalist. She has released many albums and appeared with Frank Sinatra at Carnegie Hall in 1984. Moreau, besides acting, appeared on film as a writer, director, and producer. Janis Cole and Holly Dale's film Calling the Shots (1988) chronicled her achievements. She appeared in Rosa von Praunheim's film Fassbinder's Women (1999).

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