Eduardo Galeano

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Eduardo Hughes Galeano (Spanish pronunciation: [ewa]aleano]; 3 September 1940 – March 13, 2015) was a Uruguayan journalist, writer, and novelist who wrote "global soccer's pre-eminent man of letters" and "a literary giant of the Latin American left" among other things.

Las venas abiertas de América Latina (Open Veins of Latin America, 1971) and Memoria del fuego (Memory of Fire Trilogy, 1982–6) were two of Galeano's best-known works. "I'm a writer," the author once said of himself, "obsessed with remembering the past of America and particularly that of Latin America," the author recalls.

Author Isabel Allende said that her copy of Galeano's book was one of the few things with which she returned to Chile after the military coup of Augusto Pinochet in 1973, "a mash-up of fine detail, political conviction, poetic flourish, and good storytelling."

Life

Eduardo Germán Marteleno was born in Montevideo, Uruguay, on September 3, 1940. His two family names were inherited from Welsh and Italian (from Genoa) great-grandfathers; the other two were from Germany and Spain; Galeano wrote under his maternal name; as a young man, he briefly wrote for El Sol, a Uruguayan socialist journal, "a pseudonym approximating the pronunciation in Spanish of his paternal surname Hughes." Galeano's family belonged to the defunct Uruguayan aristocracy.

Galeano began working at age fourteen in various fields, including messenger and fare collector, after two years of secondary school. He eventually landed at El Sol. The child's comics appeared in the Uruguayan socialist weekly prior to his writing. Galeano's love for drawing developed throughout his life; in several of his later books, his vignettes were included, but his signature was often accompanied by a small hand-drawn pig. Galeano became a writer and editor of Marcha, an influential weekly with writers including Mario Vargas Llosa, Mario Benedetti, Manuel Maldonado Denis, and Roberto Fernández Retamar, among other things. He edited the daily Época for two years and served as editor-in-chief of the University Press for two years. Silvia Brando, his first wife, married him in 1959 and then remarried to Graciela Berro in 1962.

In 1973, a military coup took power in Uruguay; Galeano was imprisoned and later drove to flee, but later became exile in Argentina, where he founded the magazine Crisis. The right-wing military government barred his 1971 book Open Veins of Latin America, not only in Uruguay, but also in Chile and Argentina. He married Helena Villagra for the third time in 1976, but the Videla regime took power in Argentina in a bloody military coup in the same year, and his name was added to the list of those detained by the death squads. He returned to Spain this time, this time to Memoria del Fuego (Memory of Fire), the country's most popular literary indictment of colonialism.

Galeano returned to Montevideo in 1985, just as democratization took place. Following the triumph of Tabaré Vázquez and the Friends of Democracy in 2004, Galeano wrote a piece titled "Where the People Voted Against Fear" in which Galeano supported the new government and concluded that Uruguayans people were "tired of being "cheated" by the traditional Uruguay and Blanco factions. Galeano and other left-wing scholars such as Tariq Ali and Adolfo Pérez Esquivel joined the network's 36 member advisory committee following the launch of TeleSUR, a Latin American television station based in Caracas, Venezuela, in 2005.

Galeano underwent a fruitful operation to cure lung cancer on February 10, 2007. "The White House will be Barack Obama's house in the time coming," Galeano said in an interview with journalist Amy Goodman following Barack Obama's inauguration as President of the United States in November 2008. And I hope he never forgets this." Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez presented a Spanish-language version of Galeano's Open Veins of Latin America to US President Barack Obama, who was on his first diplomatic visit to the region on April 17th, 2009, in Port of Spain, Trinidad, and Tobago.

"Not only the United States, but also some European countries, have spread military dictatorships throughout the world," he talked about his experience and recent books, some of which concern freedom and slavery, as well as other European nations. They seem as though they are able to teach democracy. He also addressed how and why he has changed his writing style, as well as his recent rise in fame.

Galeano did an interview in April 2014 at the II Bienal Brasil do Leitura in which he regretted certain aspects of the writing style in Las Venas Abiertas Latina.

Several commentators of Galeano's work said this interview was picked up by several commentators who used the phrase to bolster their own reservations. However, he said in an interview with Jorge Majfud that he did not know anything about him.

Source

Awards and honors

• 2006: International Human Rights Award by Global Exchange
• 2010: Stig Dagerman Prize
• 2021: Posthumous "honoris causa" prize from the National University of Misiones.