Syama Prasad Mookerjee

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Syama Prasad Mukherjee (born in 1901) was an Indian politician, barrister, and scholar who served as Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's Minister of Industry and Supply.

Mukherjee resigned from the Union Government after falling out with Nehru due to differences of opinion with the Nehru-led government on the issue of Jammu & Kashmir.

He founded the Bharatiya Sangh, the precursor to the Bharatiya Janata Party, in 1951. He was also the president of Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha from 1943 to 1946 with the help of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh.

Mukherjee was largely opposed to Article 370, seeing it as a threat to the country's unity and fighting against it within and outside of parliament, with one of the article's objectives being the abrogation of the article.

With the bill being debated in Rajya Sabha, his dream to abolish Article 370 came true on August 5th, 2019.

In 1953, he died in the custody of the Abdulla-led government of J&K's.

Heart disease was a suspect in the first instance.

The former opposition charged Nehru & J&K police with the conspiracy.

Mukherjee is also the founder of the BJP, as the successor party to Bhartiya Sangh.

Personal life

Rama Prasad, 1896, Uma Prasad, 1906, and Bama Prasad Mukherjee, who was born in 1906. Rama Prasad became a judge in Calcutta's High Court, while Uma became known as a trekker and a travel blogger. He had three sisters, including Kamala who was born in 1895, Amala who was born in 1905 and Ramala in 1908. He was married to Sudha Devi for 11 years and had five children – the last one, a four-month-old boy, died of diphtheria. In 1933 or 1934, his wife died of double pneumonia shortly after. After her death, Syama Prasad refused to remarry. He had two sons, Anutosh and Debatosh, as well as two daughters, Sabita and Arati. In the I. K. Gujral Ministry, his grandniece Kamala Sinha served as the Minister of State for External Affairs.

Syama Prasad was also affiliated with the Buddhist Mahabodhi Society. He became M.N. in 1942. Mukherjee will be elected president of the company by Mukherjee. HMIS Tir brought the relics of Gautam Buddha's two disciples, Sariputra and Maudgalyayana, who were found in Sanchi by Sir Alexander Cunningham in 1851 and on display at the British Museum. On the next day, Calcutta Maidan hosted a ceremony attended by politicians and leaders of many foreign countries. They were given by Nehru to Mukherjee, who later carried the relics to Cambodia, Burma, Thailand, and Vietnam. On his return to India, he carried the relics inside the Sanchi Stupa in November 1952.

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Early life and academic career

Syama Prasad Mukherjee was born in Calcutta, Bengali Hindu, on July 6th. (Kolkata). His family hailed from Jirat, Hooghly District, West Bengal. Ganga Prasad Mukherjee was born in Jirat, and he was the first in the family who immigrated to Calcutta and settled here.

Ashutosh Mukherjee, a judge of the High Court of Calcutta, Bengal, who was also Vice-Chancellor of the University of Calcutta, was Syama Prasad's father. Jogama Devi Mukherjee was his mother. He was a very meritorious student and he came to Medical College in Kolkata with the support of Jirat's wealthy people. Later, he settled in Kolkata's Bhawanipore neighborhood.

He joined Mitra Institution in Bhawanipur in 1906, and his teachers later described him favourably in school. He passed his matriculation examination and was accepted into Presidency College in 1914. He finished in English in 1916 and earned his first class debut in 1921. On April 16, 1922, he was married to Sudha Devi. Mukherjee obtained an MA in Bengali, graduating as first class in 1923 and then becoming a senator in 1923. In 1924, he began his BL.

He registered as an advocate in Calcutta High Court in 1924, the year in which his father died. He left England in 1926 to study at Lincoln's Inn and then was admitted to the English Bar in the same year. He became the University of Calcutta's youngest Vice-Chancellor in 1934, at the age of 33; he served the office until 1938. For the first time as Vice Chancellor, Rabindranath Tagore delivered the University Convocation Address in Bengali, and the Indian vernacular was introduced as a subject for the highest examination. The Senate of Calcutta University resolved to honor honorary D.Litt on September 10, 1938. "By reason of eminent position and accomplishments, a fit and appropriate individual to receive such a degree," the Ex-Vice Chancellor's decision. Mukherjee was granted the D.Litt from Calcutta University on November 26, 1938. During 1941-42, he was the 15th President of the Association of Indian Universities.

Political career before independence

He began his political career in 1929 as an Indian National Congress (INC) candidate representing Calcutta University. However, he resigned the following year after the INC decided to boycott the legislature for the fourth time. He ran in the election as an outsider and was elected in the same year. In 1937, he was elected as an independent in the national elections that brought the Krishak Praja Party to power.

In 1941–42 under A.K., he served as the Finance Minister of Bengal Province. Fazlul Haq's Progressive Coalition government, which was established on December 12, 1941, after the Congress government's resignations. On July 17, 1942, Kaji Najrul Islam wrote a letter: "I respect and love only you from my heart in this coalition ministry." I'm positive we'll make India free. You and Subhas Babu will be remembered by Bengalis before everyone else: you and Subhas Babu will be the hero of our country's flag." His remark against the government were blocked during his tenure, and his movements were restricted. In 1942, he was refused entry to the Midnapore district after heavy floods caused significant deaths of life and property. He resigned on November 20th, 1942, accusing the British government of trying to hold India at any cost and criticizing the Quit India Movement's repressive policies against the Quit India Movement. With the help of Mahabodhi Society, Ramakrishna Mission, and Marwari Relief Society, he mobilized support and coordinated relief after resigning. He was again elected as an independent candidate from Calcutta University in 1946. In the same year, he was elected as a member of the Constituent Assembly of India.

Mukherjee joined the Hindu Mahasabha in Bengal in 1939 and became its acting president that year. In 1940, he was named as the organization's working president. Mukherjee told a Hindu assembly in February 1941 that if Muslims wanted to live in Pakistan, they should "pack their luggage and luggage and leave India [to] wherever they want." However, the Hindu Mahasabha also established provincial coalition governments with the All-India Muslim League in Sindh and the North-West Frontier Province, although Mukherjee was the head of the group. In 1943, he was elected President of Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha. He served in this position until 1946, with Laxman Bhopatkar becoming the new president in the same year.

Mukherjee requested the partition of Bengal in 1946 to exclude the inclusion of its Hindu-majorities groups in a Muslim-dominated East Pakistan. On April 15, 1947 in Tarakeswar, the Mahasabha approved him to take steps for ensuring partition of Bengal. He wrote a letter in May 1947 to Lord Mountbatten, advising him that Bengal must be partitioned even if India was not present. Sarat Bose, the brother of Subhas Chandra Bose, and Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, a Bengali Muslim politician, also protested a failed attempt for a united but independent Bengal initiated in 1947 by the brother of Subhas Chandra Bose. The Noakhali genocide in East Bengal, where Muslim community mobs massacred Hindus, had a big influence on his views. It was Mukherjee who initiated the Bengali Hindu Homeland Movement. It refers to the Bengali Hindus' attempt to create a homeland aka West Bengal for themselves within the Indian Union in the aftermath of the Muslim League's call to include the entire province of Bengal in Pakistan, which was supposed to be a home for the Muslims of British India.

Following Hindu Mahasabha's official decision to avoid the Quit India campaign and Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh's decision not to participate in the movement, the party has gained traction.

Mukherjee wrote a letter to Sir John Herbert, Governor of Bengal, asking how they should respond to the "Quit India" movement. He wrote this letter, which was dated June 26, 1942, he wrote: "I wrote it in this letter: dated 26 July 1942."

In this letter, Mukherjee reiterated that the Fazlul Haq-led Bengal government, as well as its alliance partner Hindu Mahasabha, will make every possible attempt to defy the Quit India Movement in Bengal's province of Bengal, and that the state has made a concrete plan in this regard: a defiant statement has been reiterated.

Majumdar noted this fact and states:

During Mukherjee's resignation address, however, he characterized the British government's commitments against the resistance campaign as "repressive."

Political career after independence

On August 15, 1947, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru announced Mukherjee as a Minister for Industry and Supply in the Interim Central Government. Mukherjee began to have differences with Mahasabha after the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi, in which the company was blamed by Sardar Patel for the deadly atmosphere. Mukherjee suggested that the agency cease its political activities. He left only a few years after it did, in December 1948. One of his reasons was the denial of his bid to welcome non-Hindus into the ranks. Mukherjee resigned along with K.C. The Cabinet's Neogybek Neogy were released on April 8th, 1950, after a spat over the 1950 Delhi Pact with Pakistani Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan.

As he believed it left Hindus in East Bengal to the mercy of Pakistan, Mukherjee was firmly opposed to their joint venture to establish minority commissions and guarantee minority rights in both countries. He said that an exchange of population and property at regional level between East Bengal and the states of Tripura, Assam, West Bengal, and Bihar was the only alternative in the current situation when speaking at a rally in Calcutta on May 21.

In Delhi, Mukherjee founded the Bharatiya Sangh on October 21, becoming Delhi's first president. The Bharatiya Sangh (BJS) gained three seats in India's Parliament, including Mukherjee's. He had founded the National Democratic Party in Parliament. It was composed of 32 members of the Lok Sabha and ten members of the Rajya Sabha; however, it was not recognized by the speaker as an opposition party. The BJS was established with the aim of nation-building and nationalizing all non-Hindus by "inculcing Indian Culture" in them. The party was historically close to RSS and was often described as the proponent of Hindu nationalism.

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