Robert Henri

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Robert Henri (June 24, 1865 – July 12, 1929) was an American painter and educator.

He was a leading figure of the Ashcan School of American Realism and the group's leader, "The Eight," a loose alliance of artists who protested the restrictive exhibition policies of the influential, conservative National Academy of Design.

Early life

Robert Henri was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to Theresa Gatewood Cozad and John Jackson Cozad, a gambler and real estate developer. Henri was a distant cousin of painter Mary Cassatt. Henri's father established the town of Cozaddale, Ohio, in 1871. The family moved west to Nebraska, where John J. Cozad founded the town of Cozad in 1873.

Henri's father was embroiled in a controversy with Alfred Pearson over the right to pasture cattle on property owned by the family in October 1882. Cozad fired Pearson fatally with a pistol when the confrontation turned physical. Cozad was eventually cleared of wrongdoing, but the community's mood turned against him. He and his family were ferried to Denver, Colorado, and the rest of the family were absorbed shortly afterwards. Family members changed their names in order to distance themselves from the scandal. Richard Henry Lee Lee and his sons posed as adopted children under the names Frank Southern and Robert Earl Henri (pronounced "hen rye"). The family lived in New York City and then moved to Atlantic City, New Jersey, where the young artist's first paintings were created.

Education

Henri began studying at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia in 1886, where he worked under Thomas Anshutz, Thomas Eakins' protege, and Thomas Hovenden, who was particularly interested in anatomy. He returned to Paris in 1888 to study at Académie Julian, where he stayed under the tutee of academic realist William-Adolphe Bouguereau, and embraced Impressionism. "His European study has aided Henri in developing more personal tastes in art." He was accepted into the École des Beaux Arts in Paris. During this time, he toured Britain and Italy. He returned to Philadelphia after 1891, studying under Robert Vonnoh at the Pennsylvania Academy. He began teaching at the Philadelphia School of Design for Women in 1892. Henri, a born teacher, had an immediate impact at the academy."

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