Marius Petipa

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Marius Ivanovich Petipa (born Victor Marius Alphonse Petipa) (11 March 1818 – July 14th] [O.S.] Marius Ivanovich Petipa (born Marius Alphonse Petipa (11 March 1818 – 14 July. He was a French ballet dancer, pedagogue, and choreographer who died on July 1st, 1910.

Petipa is one of ballet's most influential ballet masters and choreographers. Marius Petipa has been known as the Premier maître de ballet (First Ballet Master) of the St. Petersburg Imperial Theatres, making him Ballet Master and principal choreographer of the Imperial Ballet (today known as the Mariinsky Ballet) since 1871.

Petipa produced over fifty ballets, some of which have survived in versions that were faithful to, inspired by, or reconstructed from the original.

Among these works, he is best known for his Pharaoh's Daughter (1869), Don Quixote (1878); Le Talisman (1889); Le Tréso (1890); and Les Millions d'Arlequin (1899); Don Quixote (1892); Le Talisman (1890); The Sleeping Beauty (1891); and Les Biennes (1895); Harlequinade (2000) (1900) Petipa revived a substantial number of choreographers' works.

Many of these revivals will go on to become the definitive editions on which all subsequent productions will be based.

Despite the fact that the full-length ballets that spawned them have disappeared from Petipa's repertoire, the most famous of these revivals were Le Corsaire, Giselle, La Esmeralda, Coppélia, Coppélia, La Fille Mal Gardée (with Lev Ivanov).

Many of these pieces have survived in original or choreographed versions; the Grand Pas de deux; Pas de trois; and Mazurka des enfants from Paquita; Le Carnaval Pas de deux; and Don Quixote Pas de deux; and the Harlequin Pas de deux. Both of the full-length works and individual pieces that have survived in active use are considered to be the ballet repertory's staples.

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Early life and career

On March 11, 1818, Marius Petipa was born in Marseilles, France, Victor Marius Alphonse Petipa. Victorine Grasseau's mother was a tragic actress and drama coach, while Jean-Antoine Petipa, his father, was one of Europe's most well-known Ballet Masters and pedagogues. Jean Petipa was engaged as Premier Intérè durant Marius's birth and served as the Opéra de Marseille's first dancer, and in 1819 he was named Maître de ballet to the Salle.

Marius Petipa and his family spent his youth in Europe, moving them from city to city as a result of their parents' professional commitments. By the time Marius was six years old, his family had settled in Brussels, then the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, where his father was appointed Maître de ballet and Premier troueur to the Théâtre de la Monnaie. Marius began his general education at the Grand College in Brussels, while also attending the Brussels Conservatory, where he studied music and learned to play the violin.

Jean Petipa started teaching the young Marius lessons in ballet at the age of seven, as he had with his other children. The young boy at first resisted, but not so much for dance aspirations. Nevertheless, he soon learned to adore this art form that was so much the life and identity of his family, and he excelled quickly. Marius performed in his father's staging of Pierre Gardel's 1800 ballet La Dansomanie in 1827 at the age of nine for the first time in a ballet performance as a Savoy.

The Belgian Revolution erupted after a return of Daniel Auber's opera La muette de Portici at the Théâtre de la Monnaye, where Marius' father now serves as Premier maître de ballet. All theatres were shut down for a period of time as a result of the brutal street fighting that followed, and Jean Petipa found himself in a difficult situation. For many years, the Petipa family had been in dire straits.

In 1834, the Petipa family relocated to Bordeaux, France, where Marius' father had regained the position of Premier maître de ballet to the Grand Théâtre de Bordeaux. Marius completed his ballet training under the direction of the legendary Auguste Vestris while in Bordeaux. He had been appointed Premier danser to the Ballet de Nantes, France, by 1838. Petipa, a young Petipa, began to try his hand at choreography by directing a number of one-act ballets and divertissements during his stay in Nantes.

In July 1839, Marius Petipa, a 21-year-old Marius Petipa, joined his father on a tour of the United States with a group of French dancers. One of the many engagements was a performance of Jean Coralli's La tarentule at the National Theatre on Broadway, it was the first ballet performance to be seen in New York City. The tour proved to be a disgrace, as most of the uncultured American audiences at the time had never seen ballet before. To add to the fiasco, the American impresario who arranged the engagements robbed a substantial amount of the troupe's funds and disappeared without a trace. Upon leaving for France, Petipa's ticket only allowed him to Nantes, but instead of returning to Nantes, he stowed away in the cabin of a woman he had seduced so he could gain admission to Paris.

Petipa had made his debut with the Comédie Française in Paris in 1840. His first appearance with this troupe was given as a benefit performance for actress Rachel, where he partnered the legendary ballerina Carlotta Grisi. Petipa also appeared at the Paris Opéra, where his brother Lucien Petipa was also performing as Premier Trouvant.

In 1841, Petipa was elevated to the Grand Théâtre in Bordeaux, where he was introduced as Premier auxeur. He continued his studies with the great Vestris, while still dancing the leads in ballets including La Fille Mal Gardée, La Péri, and Giselle. While performing with the company, his talents as not only a dancer but also as a partner were highly lauded. His collaboration with Carlotta Grisi during a La Péri appearance was much lauded, particularly his nearly acrobatic lifts and catches of the ballerina that stunned the audience. Petipa began building his own full-length productions while in Bordeaux. These include La Jolie Bordelaise (The Beauty of Bordeaux), La Vendange (The Grape Picker), L'Intrigue Amoureuse (The Intrigues of Love), and Le Langage des Fleurs (The Voice of the Flowers).

Petipa was first patron at the Teatro Real in Madrid, Spain, in 1843. Carmen et son toréro (Carmen and the Bullfighter), La Perrouille de Seville, Carmen et son toréro (The Adventures of a Madrile); Département pour la recherche des tauches (Leaving for the Bull Fights) and Départ pour le taucher (The Emperor of Spain) Among his future works based on Spanish themes, he will have an acute appreciation of traditional Spanish Dancing for the next three years. He began a love affair with the wife of the Marquis de Chateaubriand, a prominent member of the French Embassy in 1846. The Marquis was shocked by the apprehension of a duel. Petipa left Spain quickly, never to return, rather than save his life-changing appointment. He then travelled to Paris, where he stayed for a short time. He appeared at the Théâtre de l'Académie de Musique, where he collaborated with ballerina Thérèse Elssler, the sister of Fanny Elssler, while in the city.

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