Lars von Trier

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Lars von Trier (born Lars Trier, 30 April 1956) is a Danish film director and screenwriter with a prolific and turbulent career spanning almost four decades.

Von Trier's work has been recognized for its genre and technological innovation; a critical analysis of existential, socioeconomic, and political problems; and his treatment of topics such as mercy, sacrifice, and mental health are among his more than 100 awards and 200 nominations at international film festivals. Von Trier, the founder and shareholder of Zentropa Films, which has sold more than 350 million tickets and received seven Academy Award nominations in the last 25 years.

Early life and education

Inger Hennes Lyngby, Denmark, north of Copenhagen, To Inger H. Hartmann and Fritz Michael Hartmann (the head of Denmark's Ministry of Social Affairs and a World War II resistance fighter) von Trier. He adopted his surname from H'st's husband, Ulf Trier, who claimed to be his biological father until 1989.

He studied film theory at the University of Copenhagen and film direction at the National Film School of Denmark. For Nocturne and Last Detail, he received two Best School Film Awards at the Munich International Film School. He returned the nobiliary particle "von" to his name, perhaps as a retort to director Erich von Stroheim and Josef von Sternberg's similarly self-invented titles, and his graduation film Images of Liberation was released as a theatrical feature in the same year.

Personal life

Von Trier's mother told him on her deathbed that the man von Trier thought was not his biological father and that he was the result of a friendship she had with her former employer, Fritz Michael Hartmann (1909-2000), who descended from a long line of Danish classical musicians. Emil Hartmann, his great-grandfather J. P. Hartmann, was his uncle, but Niels Gade and Johan Ernst Hartmann were his uncles, and Niels Viggo Bentzon was his cousin. She said she did this to give her son "artistic genes."

Fritz Michael Hartmann, von Trier's biological father, served as a civil servant and joined Frit Danmark, a resistance group committed to proactively combating any pro-German and pro-Nazi colleagues in his department. Viggo Kampmann, Hartmann's colleague who would later become Denmark's prime minister, was another of this infiltrative resistance group. Hartmann rejected further contact after von Trier's four uncomfortable meetings with his biological father.

Von Trier's mother was a communist, while his father was a social democrat. Both were committed nudists, and von Trier went on many childhood holidays to nudist camps. The disciplining of children was seen as retaliation by his parents. He has stated that he was born in an atheist family and that, although Ulf Trier was Jewish, he was not religious. His parents did not have much space in their household for "feelings, belief, or pleasure," and they also refused to establish any rules for their children, which had complicated ramifications of von Trier's personality and growth.

"I don't know if I'm all Catholic well," von Trier said in a 2005 interview with Die Zeit. I'm certainly not. Denmark is a Protestant nation. Perhaps I only became Catholic to piss off a handful of my countrymen."

"I'm a very bad Catholic," he said in 2009. In fact, I'm becoming more and more of an atheist."

Von Trier suffers from a number of fears and phobias, including an apprehension of flying. This fear places significant pressure on him and his crew, requiring that virtually all of his films be shot in either Denmark or Sweden. "I'm afraid of almost every part of life, except filmmaking," he said in an interview.

Von Trier has also stated that he suffers from occasional depression that renders him unable to do his jobs and unable to fulfill social obligations.

Von Trier had been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease on August 8, 2022. According to Variety, von Trier wants to take a break from filmmaking to handle his new life with the condition. However, Trier replied, "I will take a break and figure out what to do, but I certainly hope that my health will be improved." It's a disease that you can't live with; still, you can live with the signs.

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Career

The Element of Crime, Trier's breakthrough film in 1984, received twelve awards at seven international festivals, including the Technical Grand Prize at Cannes and a Palme d'Or. The film's slow, non-linear speed, a multi-leveled plot layout, and gritty dreamlike visual effects all contribute to an allegory for traumatic European historical events.

Epidemic (1987), his next film, was also shown at Cannes in the Uncertain Regard section. Two story lines that eventually collide, with two filmmakers (played by von Trier and screenwriter Niels Vrse) in the middle of a new project and a dark science fiction tale about a futuristic plague.

Von Trier has occasionally referred to his films as being tied to thematic and stylistic trilogies. This pattern started with The Element of Crime (1984), the first in the Europa trilogy, which chronicled traumatic times in Europe both in the past and the future. It contains The Element of Violence (1984), Epidemic (1987), and Europa (1991).

Medea (1988) for television, which earned him the Jean d'Arcy award in France. It is based on a Carl Th. screenplay. Udo Kier, a doctor and actress, appears in Dreyer and his film. Trier completed the Europa trilogy in 1991 with Europa (released in the United States as Zentropa), which also received the Prix du Jury at the 1991 Cannes Film Festival and picked up prizes at other major festivals. He also produced the music video for Laid Back's album "Bakerman." This video was revived in 2006 by English DJ and singer Shaun Baker in his remake of the song.

In 1992, von Trier and producer Peter Aalb'sen founded Zentropa Entertainment, seeking financial independence and creative control of their projects. Zentropa has produced many films other than Trier's own, as well as many television series, named after a fictional railway company in Europa's most recent film at the time. Constance (1998), Pink Prison (1999), HotMen CoolBoyz (2000), and All About Anna (2005). Von Trier produced The Kingdom (Danish title Riget, 1994) and The Kingdom II (Riget II, 1997), a pair of miniseries shot in the Danish national hospital, the word "Riget" being a colloquial term for the hospital Rigshospitalet (lit. In Danish, the Kingdom's Hospital (King's Hospital) is located in the Kingdom's Hospital. The series's third season of Ernst-Hugo Järegrd's, as well as that of Kirsten Rolffes, who played Mrs. Drusse in 2000, was supposed to be cancelled due to the series's cancellation.

Von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg's manifesto for a new cinematic movement, which they dubbed Dogme 95. The Dogme 95 project, which sparked worldwide interest in Danish film, inspired filmmakers from all around the world. Von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg received the European Film Award for European Achievement in World Cinema in 2008, alongside their fellow Dogme filmmaker Kristian Levring and Sren Kragh-Jacobsen.

Trier conducted an unusual theatrical experiment in Copenhagen in 1996 that involved 53 actors, which he described as Psychomobile 1: The World Clock. Jesper Jargil produced De Udstillede, a documentary chronicling the project, which was released in 2000 under the name of De Udstillede (The Exhibited).

With his Golden Heart trilogy, Von Trier achieved his greatest international success. Each film in the series is about naive heroines who have stayed their "golden hearts" despite the tragedies they endure. This trilogy includes: Breaking the Waves (1996), The Idiote (1998), and Dancer in the Dark (2000). Although all three films are often associated with the Dogme 95 movement, only The Idiote is a licensed Dogme 95 film.

Emily Watson, who was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress, won the Grand Prix in 1996, the first film in his Golden Heart trilogy. Its grainy photographs and hand-held photography pointed to Dogme 95 but it broke some of the manifesto's laws and therefore does not qualify as a Dogme 95 film. Despite his dearth of flying, the second film in the trilogy, The Idiots (1998), was nominated for a Palme d'Or, and he was on hand at the Cannes Film Festival in person. Björk, Dancer in the Dark, an Icelandic musician, premiered a performance by von Trier in 2000. At Cannes, the film received the Palme d'Or. The album "I've Seen It All" (co-written by von Trier) received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song.

The Five Obstructions (2003), a documentary made by von Trier and Jrgen Leth, is a documentary that includes long snippets of experimental films. Von Trier's intention is for director Jrgen Leth, his mentor and mentor, to remake his old experimental film The Perfect Human (1967) five times, each time with a new "obstruction" (or obstacle) identified by Trier.

The Land of Opportunities, von Trier's Land of Opportunities, is made up of three parts: Dogville (2003), Manderlay (2005), and Wasington, which is yet to be completed. Both Dogville and Manderlay were shot with the same unadorned, highly stylized style, with the actors on a bare sound stage with no set decoration and the buildings' walls outlined by chalk lines on the floor, a look that was popular in the 1970s televised theater. Nicole Kidman and Manderlay (2005) starred Bryce Dallas Howard in the same main role as Grace Margaret Mulligan in Bryce Dallas Howard. Both films star major international actors, including Harriet Andersson, Lauren Bacall, James Caan, Danny Glover, and Willem Dafoe, as well as questions regarding American society, such as intolerance (in Dogville) and slavery (in Manderlay).

The Boss of It All, a Danish-language comedy film, was released by von Trier in 2006. It was shot using an experimental process that the producer invented called Automavision, which involves the director choosing the best prospective fixed camera position and then allowing a computer to randomly select whether tilt, pan, or zoom. Von Trier scripted The Early Years: Erik Nietzsche Part 1, which went on to be directed by Jacob Thuesen, following The Boss of It All. The film follows von Trier's time as a student at Denmark's National Film School. Jonatan Spang stars as von Trier's alter ego, "Erik Nietzsche," and is narrated by von Trier himself. All the main characters in the film are based on true lives from the Danish film industry, with thinly veiled portrayals of Jens Albinus, Dejan uki, and Sren Pilmark, among others.

Antichrist, Melancholia, and Nymphomaniac are among the Depression trilogy's characters. Charlotte Gainsbourg, the three films, portray characters who suffer from depression or anxiety in different ways. Trier himself suffers from depression, which this trilogy is said to represent.

Antichrist, von Trier's upcoming film, is about "a lonesome couple who hides in the woods, hoping that a return to Eden will heal their broken hearts and troubled marriage; but nature follows the course and situations change from bad to worse. Willem Dafoe and Charlotte Gainsbourg appear in the film. It premiered in competition at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival, where the festival's jury honoured the film by awarding the Best Actress award to Gainsbourg.

Von Trier's Melancholia, an apocalyptic drama starring two depressive sisters played by Kirsten Dunst and Charlotte Gainsbourg, the former couple's marries just before a rogue planet collides with Earth, was released in 2011. The film was in competition at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival, where it received the Best Actress award for Dunst.

Following Melancholia, von Trier began constructing Nymphomaniac, a film about a woman played by Charlotte Gainsbourg's sexual awakening. In a private preview session in early December 2013, a four-hour version of the five-and-a-half film was shown to the public for the first time. Stellan Skarsgrd (in his sixth film for von Trier), Shia LaBeouf, Willem Dafoe, Jamie Bell, Christian Slater, and Uma Thurman appeared on the film. Skarsgrd said, "If you look at this film, it's actually a bad porn film," he said in reaction to accusations that he made merely a "porn film." And after a while, you realize you don't even respond to the explicit scenes. They've become as normal as someone eating a bowl of cereal." The four-hour version of Nymphomaniac was divided into two "volumes" for its public release in the United Kingdom, Volume I and Volume II, and the film's British premiere was on February 22, 2014. In interviews leading up to the film's debut, Gainsbourg and co-star Stacy Martin confirmed that prosthetic vaginas, body doubles, and special effects were used for the film's production. Martin also said that the film's characters were a reflection of the director himself and that the whole process was a "honor" that she loved. For the Australian debut on 20 March 2014, the film was also released in two "volumes," with an interval separating the back-to-back sections. Plato's Cave, presenter Josh Nelson said that, since the film's release of Breaking the Waves, the filmmaker von Trier is most akin to Alfred Hitchcock due to his portrayal of feminine issues. Nelson also referred to filmmaker Andrei Tarkovsky as another influence, which Trier himself also cited. An uncensored version of Volume I of the Berlin Film Festival was on display at the Berlin Film Festival in February 2014, with no word indicating when or if the complete five-and-a-half hours Nymphomaniac would be released to the public. The complete version premiered at the Venice Film Festival in 2014 and was shortly afterward unveiled in a limited theatrical run around the country.

Von Trier began working on The House That Jack Built (2018), which was originally intended as an eight-part television series. The story is about a serial murderer seen from the murderer's viewpoint. Shooting in Sweden began in March 2017 and took place in Copenhagen in May.

Von Trier said in his own words that The House That Jack Built "celebrates the belief that life is evil and soulless," as shown by the recent rise of the Homo trumpus - the rat king. In May 2018, the film premiered at the Cannes Film Festival for the first time. Despite more than a hundred walkouts by audience members when it first premiered at the Cannes Film Festival, the film received a 10-minute standing ovation.

In December 2020, it was announced that von Trier would be resurgent into a miniseries trilogy The Kingdom will premiere in a belated third and final season for his acclaimed series The Kingdom Exodus. Without Järegrd and Rolffes, Sren Pilmark will return as Rigmor Mortensen as Jrgen 'Hook' Krogsh' and Ghita N'rby, Jr. in the final season, with new cast Mikael Persbrandt as Dr. Helmer Jr. It is expected to be shot in 2021 and will consist of five episodes that will be released in November 2022. As a five-hour feature length film, the miniseries came out of competition at the Venice Film Festival. Critics lauded Von Trier's return to the third season, with one lauding Von Trier's return.

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