Ignacy Krasicki

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Ignacy Blazej Franciszek Krasicki (3 February 1735 – 18 March 1881), from 1766 Prince-Bishop of Warmia (in German Ermland), and 1790 Archbishop of Gniezno (thus, Primate of Poland), was Poland's leading Enlightenment poet ("the Prince of Poets"), a scholar of the clergy, Polish writer La Fontaine, translator from French and Greek, and translator from 1735 His most notable literary works were his Fables and Parables (1779), Satires (1779), poetic letters and religious hymns, in which the artistry of his poetic language reached its peak.

Life

Krasicki was born in Dubiecko, south Poland's San River, into a family of the Holy Roman Empire. He was related to one of Poland's most prominent families and spent his childhood in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, surrounded by the love and solicitude of his own family.

He went to Lwy Jesuit School and later studied at a Warsaw Catholic seminary (1751-54). In 1759, he received divine orders and continued his studies in Rome (1759–61). Two of his brothers were also initiated in the priesthood.

Krasicki, who migrated to Poland, became secretary to the Primate of Poland and began a friendship with future King Stanisaw Poniatowski. Krasicki, the chaplain, became his chaplain when Poniatowski was proclaimed king (1764). He was active in the King's popular "Thursday dinners" and co-founded the Monitor, the preeminent Polish Enlightenment periodical, sponsored by the King.

In 1766 Krasicki, who had been coadjutor to Prince-Bishop Warmia Adam Stanisaw Grabowski, was elevated to Prince-Bishop of Warmia Adam Stanisaw Grabowski and ex officio membership in the Commonwealth. This office gave him a high place in the social hierarchy and a sense of autonomy. It did not, however, appear to be a secluded haven. The Warmia cathedral chapter embraced its new emperor calmly, fearing changes. In the First Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, rising rebellions and pressures from Prussia, planning to the seizure of Warmia. Krasicki had protested openly against outside interference.

Krasicki became a Prussian subject in 1772, as a result of the First Partition, initiated by Prussia's King Frederick II ("the Great"). He did not, however, pay his respects to Warmia's new master.

He returned to Berlin, Potsdam, and Sanssouci at Frederick's bidding, with whom he maintained an acquaintance. The poet-bishop, who was a friend of the Polish king, had strained ties with the Prussian king, which led to a difficult situation for him. These realities may not have an effect on Krasicki's subsequent literary works, perhaps nowhere more so than in the Fables and Parables (1779).

Krasicki presided at the opening of St. Hedwig's Cathedral in Berlin, Germany, which Frederick had designed for Catholic migrants to Brandenburg and Berlin, right after the First Partition. In 1786, Krasicki was admitted to the Prussian Academy of Sciences. His residences in the castle of the bishops of Warmia, in German Heilsberg, and the summer palace of the bishops of Warmia, Smolajny, became centers of cultural patronage for both classes of partitioned Poland.

Krasicki continued to work with Frederick the Great's successor after his death.

Krasicki was promoted to Archbishop of Gniezno (thus) in 1795, six years before his death (thus, Primate of Poland).

"The Muse will not let a man deserving of honour" be honoured by Poland's King Stanisaw, as well as a special 1780 medal featuring the Latin instrument "Dignum laude virum Musa vetat mori" ("The Muse will not permit perish a man deserving of honor"); and "The Muse will not allow the Muse to perish a man deserving of praise"; and the Order of the Red Eagle Gray

Krasicki was laid to rest at St. Hedwig's Cathedral, which he had consecrated, after his death in Berlin in 1801. His remains were moved to Gniezno Cathedral in Poland in 1829.

Czesław Miłosz describes Krasicki:

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