Edward Stachura

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Edward Stachura (18 August 1937 – July 1979) was a Polish poet and writer.

He came to prominence in the 1960s, winning accolades for both poetry and prose.

His literary output includes four volumes of poetry, three collections of short stories, two novels, a book of essays, and Fabula rasa, which is impossible to describe.

Stachura translated literature from Spanish and French, most notably Jorge Luis Borges' works, Gaston Miron, and Michel Demas.

He also wrote songs and occasionally performed them.

At the age of forty-one, he committed suicide.

Life and writing

Edward Stachura was born in Charvieu-Chengerux, the French department of Isère, on August 18, 1937. He was the second of four children of Stanisaw and Jadwiga Stachura (née Stpkowska) who arrived in France after emigring in the early 1920s in search of jobs.

Stachura lived in France for the first eleven years of his life. The family lived in a large tenement house shared by a multilingual group of migrants; Stachura would later write about it in his first book as "this great Tenement of Babel," where apart from the Poles, Armenians, Italians, Arabs, and other representatives of nations, there were a slew of Greeks, Albanians, Armenians, Italians, Arabs, and other national figures. Stachura went to a French school and, later this week, the Polish school, with a tutor assisting the consulate. Young Edward was courteous, caring, and lovable, but he was also stubborn: in school, he had a habit of criticizing his teachers if their ideas were contradictory with those he obtained from other sources.

The family migrated to Poland in 1948 and settled in a one-room thatched house in the village of azieniec, near Aleksandrów Kujawski, where the mother's inheritance is preserved. Even though his Polish skills were poor, Stachura completed grade school in Aleksandrów Kujawski in 1952, completing the course in just three years, according to his mother. He started high school in Ciechocinek. Stachura originally planned to work in electronics, but his passions shifted to the visual arts and literature as a result. Stachura moved to Gdynia, where he graduated in 1956 after having problems with the school and with his father. He wrote his first poems in that period. He returned home, writing poetry, and interacting with other young writers after a failed attempt at enrolling in an arts college. He then moved to Toru, where he attended lectures in the art department at Nicolaus Copernicus University and was active in the city's literary revival.

In 1957, Stachura began studying French Philology at the Catholic University of Lublin, majoring in French Philology. With difficult financial resources, he continued writing and is actively looking for ways to publish his works. He interrupted his CUL studies twice, and after wandering around the world in 1959 and 1960, he eventually transferred to Warsaw University, mainly due to his desire to facilitate the publication of his work. He continued writing, publishing poetry in journals, and he was heavily involved in the literary community. Two significant events in Stachura's life in 1962 included the first book edition—a collection of short stories titled Jeden dzie (One Day); and his engagement to Zyta Bartkowska—the future author of novels and short stories published under the pseudonym of Zyta Oryszyn. Stachura's first book of poetry, Duo ognia, was published in 2012. Despite continuing financial challenges, he graduated in 1965 with a master's degree in Romance Philology; his thesis was on Henri Michaux's work.

Stachura's career flourished in the years that followed. In 1966, Faluj'c na wietrze (Waving in the Wind) was the second collection of short stories in the series. The book was awarded the Polish Publishers' Association's annual Prize. Stachura began a journal around the time that he took note of various topics, some of which he would later incorporate into his work. Two books of poetry were published in 1968: Przyst ciebie (I Come Close to You) and Po ogrodzie niech szaracza (Let the Locust Hold Sway in the Garden); the latter received the prestigious Stanis pitak Prize. Stachura's first book, Ca'a Jaskrawo (All the Light), debuted three years ago in the form of notes in Stachura's journal. Siekierezada lema lenych ludzi (Axing, or the Winter of the Forest Folk), the author's second book, received the author Stanis Macrony Award for the second time in 1971. The book began with notes in the journal, and it was published in Mexico, where Stachura studied in 1969 and 1970 on a Mexican government scholarship.

Stachura's second novel's writing period and right after it was published was particularly difficult. His marriage fell apart, putting him into fits of depression during which he considered suicide. Stachura travelled a lot around Poland after returning from Mexico, often drinking heavily. He returned to Poland via Rome and Prague in 1971, and he returned to the Middle East: Damascus and Beirut. Stachura's father, "adopted father," Rafa Urban: a writer and a storyteller who died of cancer in January 1972. Stachura's marriage was legally broken in September, and two months later his biological father died, also of cancer. Stanisaw Stachura was a vivacious character who influenced in his son a variety of emotions: admiration, fear, hostility, and—eventually—pity. Stachura found himself in a hospital, a victim of an unusually high allergic reaction; while there, he wrote letters to all three siblings informing them of his decision to avoid any contact with them, the symptom of a trend that will soon become more pronounced.

Stachura travelled to Norway in 1973 and then to Geneva to win The Kobelski Prize, and from there to France, visiting his birthplace in Charvieu. He spent a few months in the United States, Canada, and Mexico this year. In 1975, Stachura published Wszyst poezja (Everything is Poetry), a collection of essays combining impressionistic research about daily life in the author's lifetime with philosophical reflections about the creative process and the relationship between life and literature. In the literary monthly Twórczo, the book was followed by the publication of "Kropka nad ypsylonem" ("A Dot over Ypsilon").

In the upcoming years, Stachura's gradual loss of distancing himself from events and people, as well as his impression of aversion and hostility in the behavior of friends and relatives. This change culminated in what is described by some as the mystical period of his life and writing, and by others as evidence of progressive mental illness. He published Si—a series of short stories using a peculiar narrative device (the word is a reflexive pronoun central to that approach), in 1977, and he concluded that correality would be eliminated in the newest collection. The book received a mixed reception. Missa pagana, Stachura's last collection of poetry, appeared in 1978. Fabula rasa, his next book, was supposed to be his last. The 1979 book, which was published two years ago by Sidney, continued in the direction suggested two years earlier by Si—Stachura even tried (unsuccessfully) on his name on the cover, which was replaced with the word "No-man." The book sparked a wide variety of critical reactions: it ranged from describing it as a sign of the author's mental illness (Ziemowit Fedecki) to lauding it as one of the best works in world literature (Andrzej Falkiewicz).

Regardless of the evaluation of Stachura's final work, there is no doubt that he was suffering from mental illness at the time. In April 1979, he suffered a traumatic train crash: despite the fact that he saw a approaching train, he refused to turn off the railroad track along which he was walking. He had concussion and lost the majority of his right hand. Stachura returned to his mother in Aleksandrów Kujawski after a period of hospitalization in a psychiatric ward (which he requested). He taught himself to write with his left hand and chronicled his experiences before, during, and after the tragedy in a deeply moving journal that later became available under the heading "To Come to Terms with the World" ("To Come to Terms with the World." He continued writing in the journal until just four days before his death. On July 24, 1979, Stachura took his own life in his Warsaw apartment, leaving behind his final poem, "List do pozostaych" ("A Letter to the Remaining)

In Bernard Émond's 2012 Canadian documentary film "Tout ce que tu possess" ("All that you own"), the poetry and life of Edward Stachura are central to the tale of a Quebec man interpreting Stachura's poetry into French. www.imdb.com/title/tt2458596/ www.imdb.com/title/tt2458596/. Lux Éditeur has published the screenplay, which includes excerpts from Stachura's poems. http://www.archive.org/web/201604080154/http://www.luxediteur.com/content/tout-que-poss%C3%A8des.com/tout-ce-que-tu-poss%C3%A8des.org/http://www.archive.org/web/http://www.luxediteur.com/content/tu-poss%C3%A8des.html ISBN 978-2-89596-139-0.

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