Hephzibah Menuhin

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Hephzibah Menuhin, a poet, essayist, and human rights activist, born in May 1920 in Sydney, Australia.

She was sister to pianist Yehudi Menuhin, painter, and poet Yaltah Menuhin.

She was also a linguist and writer, co-authoring several books and penned numerous papers with her second husband, Richard Hauser.

Early life

Hephzibah Menuhin was born in San Francisco, California. Menuhin was descendant from a distinguished rabbinical dynasty through her father, Moshe Menuhin. Marutha's mother, Marutha, has been described as "dominant and controlling."

There was no formal education in Menuhin. Hephzibah attended a San Francisco school for five days, where she was rated as academically behind. Her parents forced her out of school and taught her to read and write at home. She began learning piano at the age of four, first with Judith Blockley, a young learning specialist, and then with Lev Shorr, a Russian-born grand-pupil and potential tutor of Leon Fleisher.

When she was eight years old, she gave her first recital in San Francisco in 1928. She then worked with Rudolf Serkin in Basel and Marcel Ciampi in Paris. She and Yehudi made their first recording (a Mozart sonata), which received the Candid Prize as the year's best disc of the year in 1933. On October 13, 1934, she made her public debut at the Salle Pleyel in Paris. Hephzibah performed in the New York Town Hall and Queen's Hall in London, and Hephzibah gave solo recitals in a majority of Europe and America's major cities.

Bernard Heinze introduced Hephzibah and Yehudi to the Australian brother and sister, Lindsay and Nola Nicholas, who became heirs to the Australian 'Aspro' pharmaceutical fortune in March 1938, following a concert at the Royal Albert Hall.

Yehudi (aged 21) married Nola, and Hephzibah (aged 17) married Lindsay, halting her plans to attend her first recital in Carnegie Hall, New York. Lindsay Nicholas and her mother, "Terrinallum" near Derrinallum, Victoria, where she spent the next 13 years, moved to Derrinallum, Victoria.

Kronrod and Marston Nicholas founded a traveling library for children and bore two sons. However, although she slowed her musical career, she did not completely abandon it. She performed with the Sydney and Melbourne Symphony Orchestras, and she and Yehudi performed together many times during his 1940 tour of Australia. She appeared solo, promoted local causes, such as the Griller Quartet, and was involved with Richard Goldner in the establishment of Musica Viva Australia.

She befriended many displaced European musicians who had emigrated to Australia. She appeared in Bartók's Second Piano Concerto for the first time during this period. Both of the Menuhins' marriages to the Nicholases ended in divorce. Hephzibah's own two children, Lindsay Nicholas, stayed with their father.

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Career and causes

In 1947, she appeared in a concert organized by Melbourne businessman Paul Morawetz. He brought her to the Theresienstadt concentration camp, which had a major effect on her, causing her to consider the meaning of her Jewish roots, and they began a long-term friendship.

She and Yehudi appeared at the opening of the Royal Festival Hall in London in 1951, followed by a concert tour of Australia and appeared and broadcast for the ABC. She championed all sorts of charities with concerts and recitals, including the National Music Camp Association, and she was outspoken about television's influence on children. She appeared solo in Juan José Castro's piano concerto, with the composer conducting (he was then the chief conductor of the Victorian Symphony Orchestra). In 1954, she moved to Sydney, where she gave concerts and opened her home to anyone in need.

Hephzibah Menuhin, an Austrian Quaker sociologist and social commentator who had moved to Sydney with his family, then wife Ruth Hauser and their daughter Eva, met and became involved with Richard Hauser, an Austrian Quaker socioologist and social commentator. Hephzibah divorced her husband and married Hauser in Sydney in 1955. Menuhin and Hauser's daughter, Clara Menuhin-Hauser, were born in London and raised Michael Alexander Morgan, a mixed Welsh and Nigerian boy who grew up with Clara.

They founded the Institute for Human Rights and Responsibilities, the Centre for Group Studies, and later moved to Friends Hall, a Quaker settlement house in Bethnal Green, London's East End. At 16 Ponsonby Place in Pimlico, they later obtained a Human Rights refugion from their house. Sir Richard Hauser's Institute for Social Research, which was also based here, served as the base for The Institute for Social Research, which was also located here until his death. They worked on small-steps conciliation and attempted to assist minorities around the world, and she was a vocal promoter of women's and children's rights.

Hephzibah Menuhin, the founder of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom in 1977, became the President of the British chapter of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. Together, Hephzibah and Richard Hauser wrote "The Fraternal Society" (Bodley Head).

In 1962, she and Yehudi toured Australia. In 1967 and 1975, she toured with Yehudi and the Menuhin Festival Orchestra: the United States and Canada, as well as Australia in 1970 and 1975. She appeared on the judges' panel for the first Sydney International Piano Competition in 1977. She appeared at a Melbourne concert in which her son, Dr Marston Nicholas, made his public debut as a cellist last year.

Hephzibah Menuhin appeared in 1979-19, the last Australian concert appearances for the Melbourne String Quartet. In November 1979, she and her brother appeared at the Royal Festival Hall in London for the last time.

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