Avraham Shlonsky

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Avraham Shlonsky (born in the Russian Empire) was instrumental in the creation of modern Hebrew and Israeli literature through his many acclaimed translations of literary classics, especially from Russian, as well as his own original Hebrew children's classics.

Shlonsky, who is known for his comedic humor, earned the nickname "Lashonsky" from the wisecrackers of his generation (lashon means "tongue," i.e., "word") for his unusually useful and astute inventions in the newly evolving Hebrew language.

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Literary career

In 1919, Shlonsky published his first poem in the newspaper Havoc. He contributed to Jewish cultural life with songs for satirical stage performances, as well as the Purim holiday costume balls, which were a feature in early Tel Aviv. Even at an early stage in his career as a writer, he displayed a flair for witty writing, infusing linguistic innovations in the revived and developing Hebrew language. He edited the literary columns of several newspapers during this period.

He came to represent the "rebel" group of Bialik and his time, demonstrating a particular opposition to what was perceived as their characteristic clichés as an indication. The new group set out to write a vibrant, youthful, and lively poetry rather than repeating what they saw as something secondhand from the literary establishment. Shlonsky's poetry was not taught in schools until years, perhaps as a result of this situation, as well as Bialik's classic poems of Shaul Tchernichovsky, David Shimoni, and others.

Shlonsky founded Turim, a literary weekly published in 1933, which was affiliated with the "Yachach" group, in which major poets Natan Alterman and Leah Goldberg were both active. Shlonsky, as an editor, gave young writers the opportunity to publish their poems. Dahlia Ravikovitch deserved one such opportunity when she first poem was published in the literary journal Orlogin edited by Shlonsky.

Boris Gaponov's sympathetic activism was lauded by Shlonsky. Shota Rustaveli, the editor of the Communist Party, converted the Georgian epic The Knight in the Panther's Skin by Shota Rustaveli into Hebrew. Shlonsky orchestrated the release of this translation in Israel, and he was one of those who encouraged Gaponov to immigrate to Israel. When Gaponov, who had learned Hebrew by listening to Israel Radio broadcasts, finally immigrated to Israel, he was already sick and close to death. As the latter lay on his sickbed, Israeli television viewers of the time recall the photograph of Shlonsky stroking Gaponov's head in a loving, fatherly manner.

Despite his comedic ability, Shlonsky did not shrink from the tragic world around him, but rather articulated it in his writings. He laments the fate of the victims of the First World War and of the Jews who suffered from pogroms in Ukraine during the Bolshevik revolution.

During the Holocaust, he published a collection of verse titled 'From Concealing Shadows,' in which he related to the time of human history. He remarked on the fate of the Jews in a diseased Europe.

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Awards

• In 1946, Shlonsky received the Tchernichovsky Prize for exemplary translation, for his translations of the novel Eugene Onegin by Alexander Pushkin and the play Hamlet by Shakespeare.
• In 1959, he was awarded the Bialik Prize for literature (jointly with Eliezer Steinman).
• In 1967, he was awarded the Israel Prize, for literature.