Vittorio De Sica

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Vittorio De Sica (7 July 1901 – 13 November 1974) was an Italian director and actor, a leading figure in the neorealist movement. Four of the films he directed received Academy Awards: Sciuscià and Bicycle Thieves (honorary), while Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow and Il giardino dei Finzi Contini received the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.

In fact, Sciuscià's (the first foreign film to be so praised by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences) and Bicycle Thieves helped establish the permanent Best Foreign Film Award.

These two films are considered part of classic cinema's canon.

Turner Classic Movies named Bicycle Thieves as one of the 15 most influential films in cinema history in 1957. De Sica was also nominated for the Best Support Actor for his role in Ernest Hemingway's 1957 adaptation of A Farewell to Arms, which was criticized by critics and ended in a box office flop.

The acting of De Sica was considered the highlight of the film.

Personal life

His addiction to gambling was well-known. He often lost substantial sums of money and accepted jobs that may not otherwise have interested him. He never kept his gambling private; in fact, he projected it on characters in his own films, including Count Max (which he appeared in but did not direct) and The Gold of Naples, a Rossellini film in which De Sica appeared in De Sica's film in which De Sica appeared in the title role.

Vittorio De Sica married actress Giuditta Rissone, who gave birth to their daughter, Emilia (Emi) in 1937. Un garibaldino al convento was on the set in 1942. Mara Mercader (cousin of Ramon Mercader, Leon Trotsky's assassination) with whom he started a friendship, he began a relationship. In 1954, divorcing Rissone in France, he married Mercader in 1959 in Mexico, but this union was not recognized by Italian law. He obtained French citizenship and married Mercader in Paris in 1968. Meanwhile, Manuel, a writer and a filmmaker who would follow his father's path as an actor and director, had two sons with her: in 1949, she was born in 1949, a pianist and Christian, who would follow his father's path as an actor and director.

He was both a Roman Catholic and a communist. De Sica never parted with his first family, even though they were divorced. He lived a double life, with double holidays on holidays. He is said that he used to clocks back in Mercader's house for two hours so he could make a toast with both families at midnight on Christmas and New Year's Eve. His first wife decided to keep up the appearance of a marriage so as not to leave her daughter alone.

Vittorio De Sica died at the Neuilly-sur-Seine hospital in Paris at the age of 73 after lung cancer surgery.

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Life and career

He was born in Sora, Lazio, on July 7, 1901, the son of Neapolitan parents. His father was an officer of the Bank of Italy and was moved from Naples to Sora, Italy. In the early 1920s, De Sica began his career as a theatre actor and then joined Tatiana Pavlova's theatre company in 1923. Giuditta Rissone and Sergio Tofano founded their own company in 1933. The company primarily performed light comedies, but they also staged plays by Beaumarchais and collaborated with well-known directors like Luchino Visconti.

Cesare Zavattini's meeting was a major event in the neorealistic period, with Sciuscià (Shoeshine) and Bicycle Thieves (both of which De Sica directed) among others.

De Sica appeared in the British television series The Four Just Men (1959).

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