Tomas Transtromer

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Gösta Tranströmer, a Swedish poet, psychiatrist, and translator born in 1931, died on March 26, 2015.

His poems portrayed the long winters, the seasons' rhythm, and nature's palpable, atmospheric beauty.

Tranströmer's writing is also characterized by a sense of mystery and wonder under the daily grind, a characteristic that often gives his poems a religious sense.

Tranströmer has been dubbed one of Scandinavia's most influential writers since the Second World War.

And in translation, critics praised his poetry for its accessibility.

His poetry has been translated into over 60 languages.

He was the recipient of the 1990 Neustadt International Prize for Literature and the 2011 Nobel Prize in Literature.

Life and work

Tranströmer was born in 1931 and raised by his mother, Helmy, a schoolteacher, following her father's divorce from his father, Gösta Tranströmer, an editor. He received his secondary education at the Södra Latin Gymnasium in Stockholm, where he began writing poetry. In addition to selected journal publications, 17 Poems, his first collection of poems, was released in 1954. He continued his education at Stockholm University, graduating as a psychologist in 1956 with additional studies in history, religion, and literature. Tranströmer divided his time between 1960 and 1966 between teaching as a psychologist at the Roxtuna center for juvenile delinquents (sv) and writing poetry. He served as a psychologist at the Väster's Labor Market Institute from 1965 to 1990.

Tranströmer is known as one of the "most influential Scandinavian poet[s] of recent decades." Tranströmer's fifteen collected works from his long career, which have been translated into over 60 languages. In 1987, Robin Fulton's complete body of work, New Collected Poems, was published in the United Kingdom and expanded in 1997. Following the release of The Great Enigma, Fulton's book was further expanded into The Great Enigma: New Collected Poems, which appeared in the United States in 2006 and as a new edition of New Collected Poems in the United Kingdom in 2011. In 1993, Minnena ser mig (The Memories See Me), a short autobiography, was published.

Tranströmer became close friends with poet Robert Bly by the mid-1960s. The two poets communicated often, and Bly translated Tranströmer's poems into English. In 2001, Bonniers, Tranströmer's publisher, released Air Mail, a collection of Tranströmer and Bly's day-to-day correspondence on personal, contemporary, and literary topics from 1965 to 1989, a style that vividly portrayed how close friends the two had soon become. In America, Bly also helped with readings for his fellow poet, Robert Leo Varadkar. Adunis, a Syrian poet, helped promote Tranströmer's fame in the Arab world by accompanying him on reading tours.

Other poets accused Tranströmer of being detached from his own age in the 1970s because he did not engage overtly with social and political concerns in his poetry and novels. His writing, on the other hand, fits within and expands twentieth-century poetry's Modernist and Expressionist/Surrealist terms; his concise, ostensibly simple photographs from everyday life and nature in particular give a mystic insight into the human mind's universal aspects. In 2003, a poem of his was read at Anna Lindh's memorial service.

Tranströmer travelled to Bhopal immediately after the 1984 gas tragedy, and she and Indian poets such as K. Satchidanandan performed poetry outside of the church.

Tranströmer suffered a stroke in 1990 that left him partially paraphrasedoutput and unable to talk; however, he continued to write and publish poetry into the early 2000s. Den stora gtan, one of his final original poetry collections, was published in 2004, but it was renamed in English as The Great Enigma in 2006.

Tranströmer played piano throughout his life; after his injury, which paralyzed the right side of his body, he began playing only with his left hand. He used to say that playing was a way for him to recover from injury.

Emma Tranströmer's daughter Emma is a concert pianist. Dagsmeja, a collection of songs based on Tranströmer's poems, was released in 2011.

Many composers and players have performed with his poems. Among these are: Jan Garbarek, Ulf Grahn, Madeleine Isaksson, Margareta Hallin, Lars Edlund, Sven-David Sandström, Anders Eliasson, and Anders Eliasson.

Tranströmer died in Stockholm on March 26, 2015, just over three weeks before his 84th birthday.

Source

Awards and honours

• 1966: Bellman Prize (Sweden)
• 1981: Petrarca-Preis (Germany)
• 1990: Neustadt International Prize for Literature (US)
• 1990: Nordic Council Literature Prize, for For the Living and the Dead (Nordic countries)
• 1991: Swedish Academy Nordic Prize (Sweden)
• 1992: Horst Bienek Prize for Poetry (Germany)
• 1996: Augustpriset, for Sorgegondolen (Sweden)
• 1998: Jan Smrek Prize (Slovakia)
• 2003: Struga Poetry Evenings Golden Wreath (Macedonia)
• 2004: International Nonino Prize (Italy)
• 2007: The Griffin Trust, Lifetime Recognition Award (Griffin Poetry Prize) (Canada)
• 2011: Title of Professor (Swedish: Professors namn), granted by the Cabinet of Sweden (Sweden)
• 2011: Nobel Prize in Literature (Sweden)