Tang Dingyuan
Tang Dingyuan was born in Jintan District, Jiangsu, China on May 12th, 1920 and is the Chinese Physicist. At the age of 99, Tang Dingyuan biography, profession, age, height, weight, eye color, hair color, build, measurements, education, career, dating/affair, family, news updates, and networth are available.
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In 1946, after the end of World War II, Tang took the government scholarship examination for studying in the United States, but failed due to his poor English skills. In 1948, he managed to take a loan from National Central University and went to the US on his own expense.
After briefly attending the University of Minnesota, he transferred to the University of Chicago, where he earned his master's degree in physics in 1950 under the supervision of Andrew W. Lawson. At Chicago, he discovered a new phase transition of the metal cerium under high pressure and determined that it occurred from the sudden contraction of the atomic radius. With Lawson, he also invented the split diamond bomb, a device for taking x-rays under high pressure, which became widely used in high-pressure physics.
Career in China
After the outbreak of the Korean War, Tang gave up his doctoral studies and returned to China in 1951, where he joined the Institute of Applied Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He and Wang Shouwu, also a recent returnee from the US, together built a semiconductor research group at the institute. After being briefly disrupted by the Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns in 1952, they planned to conduct research on the semiconductors germanium and silicon. Due to the Western world's embargo against China since the Korean War, however, they were unable to acquire sufficient high-purity material, and decided to work on galena (PbS) and copper(I) oxide (Cu2O) instead. Tang stumbled upon the property of PbS as an infrared detector, and realized the importance of this property from the visiting Soviet scientist Ivan Bardin. Tang's group was the first to conduct infrared research in China.
In 1958, Tang led an infrared detector group with scientists from nine research institutions. In 1964, he became Director of the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics and turned it into one of China's top infrared research centers. He developed about ten infrared or semiconductor devices including the silicon solar cell and the mercury cadmium telluride detector, which were used in satellites, missiles, and civilian instruments. His research led to the development of infrared detectors for the PL-2 air-to-air missiles and is considered a major contribution to the Two Bombs, One Satellite project. As his work was highly classified, Tang disappeared from public view for many years.
Tang was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1991. He was awarded the Ho Leung Ho Lee Prize for Science and Technology Progress, and donated the entire prize money of HK$200,000 to his alma mater, Hua Luogeng High School in Jintan.
Tang published ten popular science books. In his old age, he frequently gave lectures to schoolchildren, and served as a scientific advisor to a children's science newspaper in Shanghai.