Maud Gage Baum

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Maud Gage Baum (March 27, 1861 – March 6, 1953) was the wife of American children's publisher L. Frank Baum.

Matilda Joslyn Gage, the suffragist, was her mother.

She attended a boys' high school and was encouraged to be headstrong in her early life. Maud and her aging parents lived in Fayetteville, New York, until she married Frank in 1882, devoting her college education at Cornell University.

She followed her husband's acting troupe around the United States at the start of their marriage.

Maud and Frank moved to a rented house, where she gave birth to Frank Joslyn in 1883.

Maud became afflicted with peritonitis after giving birth to her second son Robert Stanton in 1886.

She found solace in visiting her mother and siblings for two years.

She gave birth to Harry Neal and Kenneth Gage, respectively, in 1889 and 1891. Maud, a no-nonsense mother who was portrayed by her children as a no-nonsense mother, took charge of the family finances and child discipline.

Because her husband's work commitments frequently resulted in him being absent for weeks at a time, she became their primary caretaker.

In 1888, the family migrated to Aberdeen, South Dakota, because Maud wanted to be near her brother and two sisters.

They moved to Chicago after her husband was unable to live there.

Maud's earnings were also helpful in teaching embroidery and lace-making, which was despite their difficult financial situation. Father Goose: Her Book, her husband's best-selling picture book, was released in 1900, providing the family with the financial stability that it had not had theretofore.

They spent their summers at a cottage in Macatawa Park, Michigan.

Frank moved the literary rights of his most recent books, including Father Goose and From Kansas to Fairyland, later known as The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, in November of that year.

Maud and Frank were financially secure enough to travel Egypt and Europe for six months thanks to Frank's literary successes.

Maud was the one who wrote many letters home since Frank was occupied with penning tales for his publishers.

In Other Lands Than Ours for friends and family members, these letters were published in 1907 as In Other Lands Than Ours for friends and families.

Ruth Plumly Thompson was hired by Frank Frank after she died to write more Oz sequels and also helped promote MGM's film The Wizard of Oz (1939).

She died at the age of 91 in 1953, after her husband by 34 years.

Early life

Matilda Joslyn Gage and Henry Hill Maud, the youngest of their four children, was born on March 27, 1861. Helen Leslie Gage and Julia Gage Carpenter, as well as Thomas Clarkson Gage, were her two sisters. Her mother, a feminist feminist activist who fought for women's rights, and her father, a well-funded dry-goods store, was a success. Maud's mother, according to a relative, was a "woman of strength" who "ruled her mild, delicate husband and her four children with a rod of iron." Maud and her parents lived in Fayetteville, New York, with their fathers in a Greek Revival home. Maud had "dark hair, a silhouette, and eyes as sharp as her mind," Baum scholar Evan I. Schwartz wrote. Maud went to a boys' high school in her youth. Both she and her future husband, L. Frank Baum, attended Syracuse Classical School, a preparatory school in Syracuse, New York.

Maud left on a train and arriving at an Ithaca depot two hours later in September 1880. Clarkson's brother, Clarkson, had graduated as one of the top of the class, but her elder sisters did not attend a university. Maud planned to be the family's first woman to obtain a complete degree when she arrived at the university. Her mother aspired to become a surgeon or a lawyer, which would be a first for a woman.

Although Maud had no idea she was on her own, she was not afraid. On her first day in the parlor of her dormitory, she recognized a tune from the piano. Maud began to dance with the girls around her, "I dearly love dancing." "There's one that I think will cause a lot of fuss," Jessie Mary Boulton, a sophomore who wrote it back home, wrote a letter from home: "There's one that will make a riot." "Gage is the name of a girl who is lively" and she is lively. "[l]ively may have sounded like a compliment, but it was a code word for failure," Baum scholar Evan I. Schwartz said. A girl who is described as "serious" would have a difficult time in college and was likely to produce gossip.

Maud's tuition was $25 per term, about the same as the money her father earned each week at his Fayetteville store. Sage College, a female-only dormitory, cost of living was $7.50 a week, up from $340 per year. Both students would save $40 if they lived together. Maud preferred Josie Baum, a sophomore girl, in order to save money. They were still strangers to each other, but they did not know what they were calling "Miss Gage" or "Miss Baum." After Maud's passing the examination, she was included in Cornell Sun's first issue, September 16, 1880, as "Miss M. Gage, Fayetteville." There were 19 women in her freshman class of 131 students.

The women's lack of young women compared to the number of young men led to the women's being paid unnecessary attention. The "b]oys (or young men, as I guess they say they call themselves) abound," Maud's classmate, Jessie Mary, wrote. Girls were often ogled by the boys, who loved teasing them, according to Shelton, who enjoyed teasing them. As a child sat down, the boys would yell as she sat down. The freshman class of 2010 will elect around twelve candidates, including a president and vice president, a treasurer, a class essayist, and a marshal. The marshal was charged with organizing dances and other social activities. The majority of women were generally refused to work in those roles. However, the boys had an annual tradition of "nominate the most precocious child" and then "google viciously" about her. Maud was nominated.

Nasty rumors about Maud circulated around campus, causing her to angrily lock herself in her dorm, where she cried for several hours. Jessie, her roommate, wrote a letter home from home to tell her that:'Jessie,'s roommate, wrote a letter home.'

Matilda Joslyn Gage, the women's rights activist, was more abused than the other children because the boys knew her mother was the women's rights campaigner. Some Cornell boys regarded it as a farce, ripe for ridicule. Some believed it to be a disease, but it had to be put into effect. A boy was included in the Cornell Sun's humor column's September 29, 1880 issue.

The poem was an uninhibited insult on Maud for being her mother's substitute. Maud was seriously wounded as a result of the boys' antics, and she was unaccustomed to their behavior.

Not all the guys accepted such conduct. The boys were being cruel in getting a fake ticket to mock girls, according to the Cornell Sun's all-male editorial board. "[t]here is not the slightest reason [to] hold the ladies up to ridicule," they wrote. They have neither sought nor do they want to practice class politics, nor do they advocate for class politics, but they have moved politics to the more mature sex. Her emotional trauma at Cornell sparked her, possibly influencing her view of Cornell men and revealing to her the taxing nature of a woman's journey through a world dominated by males.

L. Frank Baum's Life explains it.

Maud first encountered her future husband L. Frank Baum at 678 W. Onondaga St., the home of her sister Harriet Baum Neal and her husband, William Neal, while studying English and American literature at Cornell University. Josie Baum, Frank's cousin, begged for Frank's visit. Josie's mother, Josephine, walked hand in hand with Maud to Frank and introduced them to each other, saying, "This is my nephew, Frank." Frank, I want you to know Maud Gage. "I'm positive you'll love her." "Consider yourself loved Miss Gage," Frank said, despite Maud's reply, "Thank you, Mr. Baum." That's a promise. You should live up to it," says the author. Not a week passed before Frank was sure he was attracted to her; despite this, she had other beauties. As she began her second year in college and Frank returned to theater to work together. Maud's mother, Elizabeth, travelled to Syracuse to see Frank perform in The Maid of Arran on May 15, 1882. Frank spent eight miles from Syracuse's house in Fayetteville during the summer of that year. Frank was also captivated by her poise and sagacity, not only in awe of Maud's beauty but also in awe of her elegance and sagacity. Frank was "very handsome and attractive" for Maud, as she wrote in a letter to a friend.

Maud, a freshman at Cornell University, made a significant sacrifice when she accepted Frank's marriage proposal. She was twenty-five and he was twenty-five years old. Maud's mother, suffragist Matilda Joslyn Gage, had initially opposed Maud's marrying Frank. Frank was regarded by Matilda as a "impractical dreamer" who would not be able to help a family. Matilda, who once aspired to be a doctor and was not accepted by any medical schools, was distraught that her daughter would sacrifice the opportunity of higher education to marry a traveling actor. Maud accepted Frank's plan and asked him to remain in her front parlor while she broke the news to her mother in the back parlor. Frank listened to Matilda's vehement disapproval in a talk that he "could not help hearing."

Matilda told Maud that she would not want her daughter to "have my daughter be a darned fool and marry an actor." "All right, mother, if you feel that way about it," Maud retorted. "I'm going to marry Frank," she said after her mother requested clarification, "you don't want a darned fool around the house." Matilda grinned or acquiesced when she learned that Maud would marry Frank whether or not she approved her. Maud and Frank were married by W. H. Hawley, the minister of Fayetteville Baptist Church, on November 9, 1882. The wedding reception took place in the parlor of Matilda's home, which was packed with people. Several relatives and acquaintances of Matilda attended the wedding, including Maud's three sisters and women's rights activist Elizabeth Cady Stanton and her husband Henry Stanton. Benjamin and Cynthia Frank's parents, as well as his sisters, Hattie and Mattie, attended the wedding. The parlor was so packed that the hired string quartet had to perform upstairs. The wedding ceremony was praised by the local newspaper as "one of equality." The bride's wedding vows, according to the local paper, were "exactly the same as those required for the groom." Although most marriages of the period included a promise to follow her husband." The couple married in Saratoga Springs, New York, where they spent Thanksgiving with their families.

Frank's marriage to Maud infrangled with fervor. The two individuals did not comply with the husband and a wife's customary gender roles. Frank was charming and yielding at the start of their marriage. Maud was very assertive of her position. Frank bought a dozen bismarks (jelly doughnuts) and took them home in a often related family tale. Maud, the young woman, confronted, begged him to inform her if he disliked the food she had purchased and prepared. Frank told her that his meals were delectable, but he grinned that he used to eat Bismarks for breakfast. She gave him bismarks to eat for three mornings in a row. After bundling them up in the newspaper, Frank, who was sick of the now stale doughnuts, placed them in the oven. Maud ordered him to eat the doughnuts after retrieving them from the cupboard.

Maud remarked indignation that the doughnuts were getting stale, but that because he had bought them, he was bound to finish them. Frank the rest of the yard was buried by a widow who was unable to eat the moldy doughnuts. However, Maud was watching through the window and immediately scooped them out. They were "dust[ing] off" them, and Frank was given one. Annoyed, Frank told her that he no longer wanted to eat the doughnuts because they were "not healthy to eat and you know it." Maud explained that because he did not consult with her before buying the doughnuts, he had to eat them. "I'll let you go this time if you promise never to buy another food again until I ask you to buy it," she said. Frank accepted, and the incident "taught him a lesson he never forgot: that... around the house she was the boss."

Maud was more adept at handling the family's finances than her husband. "Shrewd and impervious" where her husband's regular investments were unprofitable. "Serious, unimaginative, and realistic," her son Harry called her "serious, unimaginative, and realistic." Maud lived a healthy life before she married Frank. Though Maud aspired to living a normal life, she was dissatisfied with her studies not being completed. As a result, she unleashed her resentment against Frank. "He home was the one area she could control," Evan I. Schwartz wrote. "She exercised absolute authority" over that region. Frank was never to blame for Maud's departure, but Frank did a good job and continued to follow her instructions. Their relationship was similar to that of Maud's parents. Frank and her father were invited to visit their husbands around after Maud and her mother ordered them home.

Maud and Frank were born in New York, where Frank was employed in the theater industry. They travelled by train to Nebraska, thousands of miles away, for Frank's touring tour. Frank's more elaborate costume for him made him feel as an artist with others in the company. Maud wanted them to be settled in a house before the baby's birth. Frank rented a house on Shonnard Street in Syracuse after recruiting a new actor for his play The Maid of Arran. Frank, the family's first son, was born on December 4, 1883.

Maud had been amazed by the kempt houses around her neighborhood as an infant. She was eager to start "keeping the house, controlling its finances, organizing the kitchen, and engaging in embroidery," her new hobby. Motherhood would be enough of a feat for Maud. Since there were few, if any, women in those fields, fulfilling her mother's aspirations of becoming a female advocate or doctor involved tearing down gender walls. Maud, Frank, and his five-month-old son, Frank, were on the 28th Street in west Syracuse on May 1, 1884. As the "blazing sunsets of the day gave way to the blue Krakatoa moon," the family would sip lemonade on the front porch and admire.

Maud, Frank, and their children spent the summer of 1887 in the home of Maud's mother, Matilda, who visited often. Henry Gage, Maud's father, died after years of typhus affliction on September 16, 1888, when he was 65 years old. Maud, Frank, and their son attended the funeral, which was also attended by Pastor Hawley. Maud and Frank's wedding took place two years before her father's death.

Robert Stanton, the couple's second son, was born on February 1, 1886. Robert was born in their new home, which is located on Holland Street, in which they had lived a year before. Robert's birth was difficult, resulting in Maud's abdominal infection. Peritonitis was a result of the woman's pregnancy, causing her to be diagnosed with peritonitis. She was almost dead after being held hostage for months, but not to a drain tube. "I]n the days before antibiotics, it was amazing that she survived at all," Baum scholar Katharine M. Rogers wrote. Frank was delivering Castorine at the time and was often away from home for many weeks. He spent all his time with Maud when he was home. They then moved to a rented house in order to be closer to Frank's sisters. Maud was sick for two years. A special nurse was hired to look after her. She consoled herself by going to Fayetteville to see her family during her illness.

Two sisters and a brother of Maud were in the Dakota Territory. Frank, Maud, Frank, and her two sons immigrated to Aberdeen, South Dakota, on September 20, 1888, because Frank hoped there would be more industry opportunities in the West. Maud had been touring in 1882, when she had stayed in The Maid of Arran, but she had no joy in the western cities she visited. Maud would have liked being close to her siblings and being given a chance of economic stability, according to scholar Katharine M. Rogers. On October 1, 1888, Frank founded Baum's Bazaar, a dry goods store, in order to ensure a decent life for his family. However, his store went out of business because he gave too much credit to his homeless clients.

Harry Neal Baum, Maud's third son, was born on December 18, 1889. His birth, which was a month before his father's store was foreclosed by the bank, added to the family's financial burden. Kenneth Gage, Maud's fourth son and last child, was born on May 24, 1891.

The family then moved to Chicago, where Frank found a job as a newspaper reporter. Maud and Frank had four sons by that time, including Robert, Harry, Kenneth, and Frank. There was neither running water nor a toilet in their Chicago home. Maud had to be a breadwinner because the family's finances were so poor. Maud taught embroidery and lacemaking, and by February 1897, she had over 20 students by the time. With the funds earned by her students' tuition, she was able to buy a new rug and furniture for the house.

Matilda, Maud's mother, spent the winter at their house, as she did when Maud and Frank were residents of Aberdeen. Maud cherished her mother's visits, especially when Frank travelled for his work. Maud stopped attending the Episcopal Church during this time, opting instead to have her boys attend the West Side Ethical Culture Sunday School. Matilda's spiritual values were shared by her and Frank. Matilda praised that the new academy was one where "morality, not religion is taught" was taught.

Frank's first children's book, out in 1897, he wrote in Maud's translation: "In Frank's first children's book, published in 1897, he wrote in Maud's copy: a poem in 1897.

Frank wanted to advise him on company decisions from Maud. "F. K. Reilly, his publisher, started to believe that Frank's letter would begin with a meeting with Mrs. Baum." "I have chosen Maud to be one of Frank's finest pundits," Reilly said of the Maud.

The family began to live a comfortable life after Frank's publication of Father Goose: His Book, the best-selling picture book in 1900. They spent their summers in Macatawa Park, Michigan, where Frank bought a cottage with the name "Sign of a Goose." Frank moved the literary rights of his most recent books, Mother Goose in Prose, Father Goose: A New Wonderland, from Kansas to Maud (later published as The Wonderful Wizard of Oz). Frank was granted $1,000 to verify the deal, and W. W. Denslow and Ann Waters were among the signings.

The family had "musical evenings" in their house that lasted about an hour. Although Frank performed folk songs and played the square piano, Maud played mandolins and the violin while the children were playing various instruments. Maud would sew as Frank wrote when it was the boys' bedtime. Matilda Jewell Gage, Maud's niece, paid visits to them on a daily basis. Later, Enchanted by Baums' luxurious lifestyle, she wrote, "[t]hey represented to me something that I had no idea about." "I was ecstatic with the foods they cooked, their food, the house, and everything else."

Frank Junior was chastised by a strict disciplinarian after he fell into a pan of paste not once but twice. Despite her riots, her husband brought dinner to the boy's room, telling him a tale and staying by his side until he fell asleep. Maud's second son, Robert, flung from their second-story window their cat, who was uninjured, was "teach him a lesson." "Mending him" so loudly that the neighbors fled out and became horrified at the sight of my mother pulling me out the door. Later, he flung a cat into a barrel, whereupon Maud "promptly chucked in myself to see how I liked it."

Ken, her youngest son, was behaving badly on one day. Frank had to spank the boy, and he duggled to comply. Frank was so upset that he was unable to eat dinner after Ken went to bed crying. "I'll never spank any of your children again," he walked upstairs, woke Ken up, and apologised. "I would have my way, I would still have a young child in the household," Frank said once. "I had my way, I wouldn't have," Maud said. For the most part, Frank was unemployed for work-related stuff, so Maud had to care for the boys singlehandedly. Maud hired a "girl" to help her ease the burden of housekeeping.

Frank told his family a tale about how a cyclone transported a young boy to an enchanted world one night. "Oz" answered his son's inquiry regarding the enchanted land's name while sitting at a file cabinet labeled O–Z. Maud was involved in this venture, and he began writing the stories that would be submitted for publication. Maud "was, in this way, the mother of Oz," author Marlene Wagman-Geller said.

Dorothy Louise Gage, a mother from Chicago to Bloomington, Maud, received frequent visits from her sister Helen and her infant daughter Dorothy Louise Gage. The infant became very ill and died on November 11, 1898, of "congestion of the brain" at a rate of about five months. When the baby, who Maud adored as the daughter she never had, died, she was devastated and had to take medicine. "Dorothy was a beautiful baby," Maud wrote in a letter to her sister. I could have taken her for my very own and adored her devotedly. Frank created Dorothy, a female protagonist in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, to console her terror. "I thank you, my comrade, My Wife," Frank dedicated the book to her. "He gave Maud her Dorothy in an immortal way," historian Sally Roesch Wagner, who uncovered Dorothy Gale's namesake, told the Associated Press in 1982. "This argument is less convincing," Elizabeth Letts says, "Frank used the word Dorothy in a tale published in 1897, long before niece Dorothy was born." Matilda, Dorothy Gage's sister, from whom Wagner had no idea about Dorothy's existence, thought the name was simply a common name of the time and had no extra significance.

Despite the fact that The Wonderful Wizard of Oz was a hit, the family was still poor on cash in 1900 near Christmas. Frank was supposed to be given the book's initial royalty in January. Maud told Frank that you should order it in order to buy Christmas gifts in advance. Frank begrudgingly obtained the money and spent it on pocket, looing it. Frank returned home, not glancing at the money, discovering Maud ironing his shirt. The money was given to her after she asked for it, but she was shocked. Maud was delighted to find that the check was for $3,432.64. During the subsequent flurry and burned Frank's shirt, Maud misrecalled the iron.

Maud and Frank were wealthy enough to travel around Egypt, Greece, Italy, North Africa, Switzerland, and France in 1906, owing to Frank's literary successes and the 1902 Wizard of Oz musical's lucrative royalties, Maud and Frank were able to fly around Egypt, Greece, Italy, North Africa, Switzerland, and France on a six-month tour. Maud saw an Egyptian harem and a zealously scale the Great Pyramid of Giza during their travels. Her husband, In Other Lands Than Ours, a year later, compiled from Maud's letters to people at home. The book, which was released in small amounts, was for friends and family. Frank was asked to edit her drawings, but he also included a foreword and sixteen photographs from the trip. "Never have we enjoyed anything more or been so keenly interested," Maud wrote about Egypt. Maud's letters, according to Baum scholar Katharine M. Rogers, "define intellectual curiosity and a sense of humor."

Frank sent out an invitation to their relatives and relatives that included a summation of their marriage in 1907.

Frank wrote the "tongue-in-cheek" letter without notifying Maud.

The family purchased a house in Ozcot in 1910, owing to Frank's declining health, and the family purchased a house in Chicago from her mother. They christened Toto, a puppy that they christened Toto. With her most recognizable images of her, Frank plastered the entire length of one of Ozcot's walls, which he referred to as "Yard of Maud."

Maud wrote to her relatives on the night of Frank's death on May 16, 1919, Helen Leslie and Leslie Gage, who wrote a letter.

Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) paid Gage to help advertise their 1939 film, The Wizard of Oz. She appeared on Ripley's Believe It or Not! radio show, where she addressed how Frank's tale began. Judy Garland, the film's leading actress, was also photographed, with whom she dined.

Maud had Ruth Plumly Thompson drawn to produce more Oz sequels after her husband's death in 1919. She slipped and broke her hip four years before her death and was bedridden for the remainder of her life. Maud died in Ozcot on the night of March 6, 1953, 21 days shy of her 92nd birthday, surviving her husband by 34 years. Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, was the funeral service for her. Maud's four sons, nieces Leslie and Matilda Gage, and several grandchildren all survived her at her death.

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