Lin Carter

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Linwood Vrooman Carter (June 9, 1930 – February 7, 1988) was an American science fiction and fantasy writer as well as an editor, poet, and critic.

Lin Carter used to write as Lin Carter; H. P. Lowcraft (for an H. P. Lovecraft parody) and Grail Undwin were among H. P. Lowcraft's most well-known pseudonyms.

He is best known for his 1970s work as editor of the Ballantine Adult Fantasy book, which introduced readers to several forgotten fantasy classics.

Life

Carter was born in St. Petersburg, Florida. In his youth, he was a voracious reader of science fiction and fantasy and became very proficient in both fields. He was also involved in fandom.

Carter served in the United States Army (infantry, Korea, 1951–53), later attended Columbia University and participated in Leonie Adams' Poetry Workshop (1953–54). He worked as an advertising and publisher copywriter from 1957 to 1969, when he resumed writing full time. He served as an editorial consultant. He lived in Hollis, New York, for a portion of his writing career.

Carter was married twice, first to Judith Ellen Hershkovitz (married 1959, divorced 1960), and second to Noel Vreeland (married 1963; divorced 1975).

Carter was a member of the Trap Door Spiders, an all-male literary banqueting club that served as the basis of Isaac Asimov's fictional group of mystery solvers, the Black Widowers. Carter was the model for Asimov's character Mario Gonzalo. Carter was also a founder of the Swordsmen and Sorcerers' Guild of America (SAGA), a loose group of Heroic fantasy writers founded in the 1960s, some of whom wrote in the Flashing Swords. The series is a film about a narcotic based on a poem by the author.

Carter issued one issue of his own fantasy fanzine Kadath in the 1970s, named after H. P. Lovecraft's fictional setting (see The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath). About 3,000 copies were printed; however, the printer was embroiled in a controversies with the binder, who owned the copies. Although Carter paid the printer, the printer decamped into California. Carter went to see the binder, but he was told that the copies had been stored for a while, but that most had been thrown out. Carter believed that only about 30 copies of the magazine survived, and that the publication was scarcely distributed. (pp. 66) It featured Carter's Cthulhu Mythos story "The City of Pillars." The 22-28-year-olds' victory was the biggest on record in the United States.

Carter remained in East Orange, New Jersey, in his later years, and drank and smoked heavily. In 1985, it was likely that cigarette causes him oral cancer. Only his status as a veteran of Korea allowed him to have extensive surgery. However, it was still failing to cure the cancer and left him disfigured. Frank Belknap Long, Robert M. Price, and others attended writers gatherings under the auspices of 'the New Kalem Club' (in honor of the original Kalem Club).

He had started to appear in print with a new book in his Terra Magica series, a long-promised Prince Zarkon pulp hero, Horror Wears Blue, and a regular column in the newspaper Crypt of Cthulhu. Despite these triumphs, Carter bing an alcohol drinker and becoming an alcoholic. His cancer resurfaced, spreading to his throat and resulting in his death in Montclair, New Jersey, 1988.

Robert M. Price, editor of Crypt of Cthulhu who had just released a Lin Carter special issue, was the editor of a Crypt of Cthulhu. When Carter died, No. 5, which was also the total number 36, Yuletide 1985, was planning a second all-Carter issue. It was turned into a memorial issue (Vol. 1). The number 7, no. 4, was the complete number 54 (Epoch 1988). Two additional issues of the magazine were devoted solely to Carter (see References below). Price was also named Carter's literary executor.

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Writing career

Carter, a long-serving science fiction and fantasy fan, first appeared in print in 1943 and then in late 1940s pulp magazines. Sandalwood and Jade (1951), technically his first book, and Galleon of Dream (1955) -- see Poetry in Bibliography below. "The Slitherer from the Slime," Carter's "Inside SF, September 1958), a parody of H. P. Lovecraft. Carter's book "Uncollected Works" (Fantasy and SF, March 1965), was a finalist for the annual Nebula Award for Best Short Story, the only time Carter was a runner-up for a major award.

Carter found a mentor in L. Sprague de Camp, who wrote his book The Wizard of Lemuria in manuscript early in his attempts to establish himself as a writer. It was the first time a publisher found a publisher, according to Carter's seventh book, who first appeared in Ace Books in March 1965. De Camp is the individual with whom Carter is most closely associated with fantasy in terms of their later collaborations, mutual promotion of each other in print, joint membership in both the Trap Door Spiders and SAGA, and joint efforts to research the history of fantasy. Unknown about a downturn in Carter's last decade revealed itself only after his death.

Carter was a prolific writer, releasing an average of six books a year from 1965 to 1969. In If, edited by Frederik Pohl, he also wrote a nearly monthly column "Our Man in Fandom" and was a senior writer on ABC's original Spider-Man animated television show during its fantasy-oriented second season in 1968–69.

Carter often cited his own writings in his non-fiction books, but almost every anthology he edited contained at least one of his own pieces. In the sixth book in his Callisto sequence, "Kanner of Callisto," the protagonist Carter himself appears as the protagonist, the most revealing example of his penchant for self-promotion.

In his unfinished epic World's End "Amalric the Man-God" (also unfinished), and The Wizard of Zao, Carter was not keen to criticize organized faith in his books. He portrayed religions as cruel and authoritarian, and had his heroes flee from their inquisitions.

Carter was consciously aware of the protagonists, subjects, and styles of writers he admired in the majority of his books. In the introductions or afterwords of his books, as well as in the introductions or collected short stories, he usually identified his characters. Edgar Rice Burroughs, Robert E. Howard, and James Branch Cabell's most popular books are his sword and planet, sword, and sorcery books. The Wizard of Lemuria (1965), the first in the "Thongor the Barbarian" series, incorporates both influences. Despite the fact that he wrote only six Thongor novels, the character appeared in Marvel Comics on the Loose in 1973–74 and was frequently optioned for films, but no one has been published. Burroughs' "Callisto" and "Zanthodon" books, as well as his other major series, are direct tributes to Burroughs' Barsoom series and Pellucidar books.

Carter referred to contemporary pulp magazine authors or their predecessors in other works. His "Simrana" stories (based on Kenneth Robeson's "Doc Savage" series, as well as Carter's models) include his "Mythos" novels (influenced by Lord Dunsany), his "Green Star" books (based on his work with Leigh Burroughs), his "Mysteries of Mars" collection (based on Arthur Robeson's "Doc Savage" series (based on his "Doc Savage" series (based on the "Doc. Later in his career, Carter assimilated elements from mythology and fairy tales, and even branched out to pornographic fantasy for a brief period of time.

Career as editor and critic

Carter was renowned as both a contemporary fantasy scholar and a pioneering historian of the subject. In Castle of Frankenstein, he continued to publish his book reviews and reviews of the year's best fantasy fiction, citing the magazine's demise in The Year's Best Fantasy Stories in 1975. J. R. Tolkien (Tolkien: A Look Behind "The Rings") and H. P. Lovecraft (Lovecraft: A Look Behind Cthulhu Mythos) were both followed by the widely distributed Imaginary Worlds: the Age of Fantasy, a report tracing the rise and evolution of modern fantasy from William Morris' late nineteenth century novels to the 1970s, followed by the publication of "The Lord of the Rings." "He gets so many facts wrong, so many attributions are inaccurate, and so much evidence is misquoted," Carter said.

Under the "Adult Fantasy" brand, his greatest influence in the field may have been as an editor for Ballantine Books from 1969 to 1974, when Carter brought several then obscure yet important books of fantasy back to print. Dunsany, Morris, Smith, James Branch Cabell, Hope Mirrlees, and Evangeline Walton were among the authors whose works he revived. David G. Hartwell praised the series, saying that it brought "into mass-readers virtually all of the adult fantasy stories and novels worth reading." Katherine Kurtz, Joy Chant, and Sanders Anne Laubenthal were among the new authors who broke into the field, including Katherine Kurtz, Joy Chant and Sanders Anne Laubenthal.

Carter, a fantasy anthologist of note, edited a number of new anthologies of classical and contemporary fantasy for Ballantine and other publishers. In addition, he edited the Flashing Swords anthology collection. The first six volumes of The Year's Best Fantasy Stories for DAW Books, 1975 to 1980, as well as an anthology-style revival of the classic fantasy journal Weird Tales from 1981 to 1983.

He sponsored the Gandalf Award, which is the precursor to science fiction's Hugo Award, for outstanding achievement in writers and works of fantasy, alongside SAGA. The World Science Fiction Society's annual awards were distributed from 1974 to 1981, but after Carter's health in the 1980s, it went into decline. Its primary role is still being fulfilled by the initially prestigious World Fantasy Awards, which were first introduced in 1975.

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Awards

• Nova Award, 1972.