Lewis Carroll

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Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (27 January 1832 – January 14th 1898), better known by his pen name Lewis Carroll, was an English writer of world-famous children's fiction, particularly Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequel Through the Looking Glass.

He was praised for his word play, logic, and fantasy.

The poems Jabberwocky and The Hunting of the Snark are included in the literary nonsense category.

He served as a mathematician, photographer, and Anglican deacon. Carroll came from a line of wealthy Anglicans and began a long association with Christ Church, Oxford, where he spent the majority of his life as a scholar and instructor.

Alice Liddell, the niece of Alice in Wonderland, has been widely credited as the source for Alice in Wonderland, though Carroll has denied this.

Carroll was born in All Saints' Vicarage, Daresbury, Cheshire, in 1832, and it's stained glass windows depicting characters from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.

In 1982, a memorial stone to Carroll was unveiled in Poets' Corner, Westminster Abbey.

Early life

Dodgson's family belonged to northern England, militant, and Anglican. The majority of his male ancestors were either army officers or Anglican clergymen. Charles Dodgson, his great-grandfather, had risen through the ranks of the church to become the Bishop of Elphin in rural Ireland. His paternal grandfather, another Charles, was killed in combat in Ireland in 1803, when his two sons were barely more than babies. Carroll's father, Robert Dodgson, was the older of these sons, but not necessarily Charles Dodgson. He went to Westminster School and then to Christ Church, Oxford. He returned to the old family's faith and received holy orders. He was mathematically gifted and gained a double first degree, which may have been the beginning of a fruitful academic career. Rather, he married Jane Lutwidge, his first cousin, in 1830, and became a nation parson.

Dodgson was born in Daresbury, Cheshire, on January 27th, the third oldest of 11 children and the oldest in the world. As his father was 11, he was welcomed to Croft-on-Tees, Yorkshire, and the whole family was relocated to the spacious rectory. For the next 25 years, this house has been their home. Charles' father, a highly influential and orthodox cleric of the Church of England, remained a leading figure in the church's tense religious conflicts, often in the church's fierce internal conflicts. He was a member of High-Choice Anglo-Catholicism, an admirer of John Henry Newman and the Tractarian movement, and he did his best to instill such ideals in his children. However, Charles had an ambivalent relationship with his father's values and the Church of England as a whole.

Dodgson was educated at home as a child. His "reading lists" that had been stored in the family archives testify to a precocious mind: at the age of seven, he was reading books such as The Pilgrim's Progress. He also suffered from a stammer – a condition that was common to the majority of his siblings – that often stifled his social life throughout his years. He was sent to Richmond Grammar School (now part of Richmond School) in North Yorkshire at the age of 12.

"I cannot say... that any earthly considerations would compel me to go through my three years again," Dodgson wrote some years after leaving: "I cannot say... that any earthly considerations would have led me to go through my three years again." I can honestly say that if I had been... safe from annoyance at night, the daily life would have been similar to trifles. He did not claim he was bullying, but cited little boys as the primary targets of older bullies at Rugby. "Even if those who have only heard him as the gentle and retired don't believe it," Stuart Dodgson's uncle said, "the name of a boy who knew how to use his fists in favor of a righteous cause" was retained long after he left school.

Nonetheless, he excelled with apparent ease. "I haven't had a more promising boy at his age before I came to Rugby," mathematics professor R. B. argued. Mayor Leo Varadkar said: The Tutor's Assistant by Francis Walkingame is a student of the University of On the back of a book that young Dodgson used – it was a Compendium of Arithmetic, which means the text in Latin is still available, and it includes an inscription in Latin, which translates to: "This book belongs to Charles Lutwidge Dodgson: hands off!" An annotation on a page such as the one on p. 129, where he wrote "Not a fair question in decimals" next to a question.

He left Rugby in 1849 and matriculated at the University of Oxford in May 1850 as a member of his father's old college, Christ Church. He went into residence in January 1851 after being waiting for rooms in college to become available. He had only been in Oxford for two days when he was summoned home. At the age of 47, his mother died of "inflammation of the brain," perhaps meningitis or a stroke.

His early academic career was characterized by a mixture of high aspiration and irresistible distraction. He didn't always work hard, but he was naturally gifted, and success came naturally to him. He gained first-class honors in Mathematics Moderations in 1852 and was soon nominated to a Studentship by his father's old friend, Canon Edward Pusey. He gained first-class honours in the Final Honours School of Mathematics, rising first on the list, in 1854, and was awarded Bachelor of Arts. He continued attending Christ Church studying and teaching, but he missed out on a critical scholarship exam due to his self-confidentity in deciding to study. And yet, his reputation as a mathematician earned him the Christ Church Mathematical Lectureship in 1855, which he kept for the next 26 years. Despite early disappointment, Dodgson remained at Christ Church, in various capacities until his death, including that of Sub-Librarian of the Christ Church library, where Alice Liddell lived.

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