Lester B. Pearson

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Lester Bowles (Mike) Pearson, a Canadian scholar, statesman, prime minister, and diplomat who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1957 for assisting the United Nations Emergency Force in addressing the Suez Canal Crisis.

Following 1966 and 1965 general elections, he was the 14th prime minister of Canada from 1963 to 1968 as the head of two back-to-back Liberal minority governments. During Pearson's tenure as Prime Minister, his Liberal majority governments introduced universal health care, student loans, the Canada Pension Plan, the Order of Canada, and the Maple Leaf flag.

He also unify Canada's armed forces, according to his Liberal government.

Pearson commissioned the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism, but he kept Canada out of the Vietnam War.

His government passed Bill C-168 in 1967, effectively ending capital punishment in Canada by limiting it to a few capital offenses for which it was never used and which were not banned in 1976.

Pearson is widely recognized as one of the twentieth century's most influential Canadian Prime Ministers thanks to his contributions, as well as his pioneering work at the United Nations and in international diplomacy.

Early life, family, and education

Pearson was born in Newtonbrook, Ontario, the son of Annie Sarah (née Bowles) and Edwin Arthur Pearson, a Methodist (later United Church of Canada) minister. Lester Pearson was the brother of Vaughan Whitier Pearson and Marmaduke Pearson (Duke) Pearson. Pearson's family moved to 1984 Yonge Street when he was a month old. Lester Pearson's father took the young family north of Toronto to Aurora, Ontario, where he was the minister at Aurora Methodist Church on Yonge Street. Lester spent his youth in Aurora and attended the public school on Church Street. The family lived on 39 Catherine Avenue. Pearson was a member of the Aurora Rugby team.

Pearson graduated from Hamilton Collegiate Institute in 1913 at the age of 16. Later that year, he enrolled in Victoria College at the University of Toronto, where he spent a year in Gate House and shared a room with his brother Duke. He was later appointed to the Pi Gamma Mu social sciences honor society's chapter at the University of Toronto for his outstanding academic success in history and psychology. Pearson, as Norman Jewison, E. J. Pratt, Northrop Frye, and his student Margaret Atwood would perform in The Bob Comedy Revue's sophomore dramatic tradition, as well as Norman Jewison, E. J. Pratt, and his colleague Margaret Atwood. Pearson, a student at Victoria College, Oxford, received a scholarship to study at St John's College, Oxford, from 1921 to 1923.

Pearson, a student at the University of Toronto, became a well-known celebrity, excelling in rugby unions and also playing basketball. He later competed for the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club while on a scholarship at the University of Oxford, a team that won the inaugural Spengler Cup in 1923. As a youth, Pearson excelled in baseball and lacrosse. His infield skills were good enough for a summer of semi-pro play with the Ontario Intercounty Baseball League's Guelph Maple Leafs. Pearson toured North America in 1923 with a combined Oxford and Cambridge Universities lacrosse staff. He began teaching the University of Toronto's history Department as an instructor, and he's helped the U of T's football and hockey teams. As an adult, he held high hopes for golf and tennis.

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Early political career

Prime Minister King Pearson appointed Pearson secretary of state for external affairs (foreign minister) in the Liberal government in 1948, just before his retirement. Pearson gained a seat in the House of Commons afterward for Algoma East, the federal riding of Northern Ontario. Pearson served as Secretary of State for External Affairs for Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent until the 1957 demise of the St. Laurent government.

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