Jerome K. Jerome

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Jerome Klapka Jerome (2 May 1859-June 1927) was an English writer and comedian best known for the comedy travelogue Three Men in a Boat (1889). The essay collection The Idle Fellows of an Idle Fellow (1886), Second Thoughts of an Idle Fellow; Three Men on a Boat, a sequel to Three Men in a Boat; and several other books are among the many others.

Early life

In Caldmore, England, Jerome was born at Belsize House, 1 Caldmore Road. He was the fourth child of Marguerite Jones and Jerome Clapp (who later renamed himself Jerome Clapp Jerome), an ironmonger and lay preacher who dabbled in architecture. He had two sisters, Paulina and Blandina, as well as one brother, Milton, who died at an early age. Jerome Clapp Jerome, like his father's shortened name, was registered as Jerome Clapp Jerome, and the Klapka seems to be a later version (after the exiled Hungarian general György Klapka). Due to poor investments in the local mining industry, the family fell into poverty, and debt collectors visited often, an experience that Jerome vividly described in his autobiography My Life and Times (1926). Jerome and his parents migrated to Stourbridge, Worcestershire, and later on to East London at the age of two.

The adolescent Jerome attended St Marylebone Grammar School. He wanted to go into politics or be a man of letters but Jerome's death when he was 13 and that of his mother when he was 15 years old, prompted him to abandon his studies and find jobs to support himself. He began collecting coal that fell along the rail line and remained there for four years.

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Acting career and early literary works

Jerome was inspired by his elder sister Blandina's passion for the theatre, and he decided to try his hand at acting in 1877, under the stage name Harold Crichton. He joined a repertory troupe that produced plays on a shoestring budget, often relying on the actors' own funds – Jerome was penniless at the time – to purchase costumes and props. The 21-year-old Jerome, who had been on the road for three years with no apparent success, decided he had had enough of stage life and sought other occupations. He attempted to become a journalist by writing essays, satires, and short stories, but the majority of these were rejected. He served as a school teacher, a packer, and a solicitor's clerk over the next two years. In 1885, he had some success with On the Stage (1885), a comedic memoir of his time with the acting troupe, as well as Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow (1886), a series of parody essays that would later serialize Three Men in a Boat.

Jerome married Georgina Elizabeth Marris ("Ettie") nine days after she divorced her first husband on June 21, 1888. Elsie was her daughter from her previous, five-year marriage (her real name was also Georgina). The honeymoon took place on the Thames "in a tiny boat," a theme that was to have a major influence on his forthcoming and most significant work, Three Men in a Boat.

Three Men in a Boat and later career

As soon as the couple returned from their honeymoon, Jerome sat down to write Three Men in a Boat. George Wingrave (George) and Carl Hentschel (Harris) had his wife in the novel replaced him (Harris). He was able to produce comedic (and non-sentimental) situations that were also linked to the Thames area's history. The book, which was published in 1889, became a big hit and has never been out of print. Following its introduction, Thames boats' number increased by 51% in the year after, and it played a major role in the Thames becoming a tourist attraction. The book was sold over a million copies around the world in its first twenty years alone. It has been turned into films, television, radio programs, stage plays, and even a musical. Many humourists and satirists have been inspired by its writing style in England and elsewhere.

Jerome was able to commit all of his time to writing due to the financial stability that the book provided. He wrote a number of plays, essays, and books, but he was never able to recreate the success of Three Men in a Boat. In 1892, Robert Barr was chosen by Robert Barr to edit The Idler (over Rudyard Kipling). The magazine was an illustrated satirical monthly magazine aimed at gentlemen (who, following the theme of the issue, lauded idleness). He founded To-Day in 1893, but he had to withdraw from both publications due to financial difficulties and a libel lawsuit.

Between April and June 1896, Jerome's play Biarritz ran for two months at the Prince of Wales Theatre.

Three Men on the Bummel, the sequel to Three Men in a Boat, reintroducing the same characters in the setting of a foreign bicycle tour in 1898. The book was still unable to recapture the sheer comic vigour and historic roots of its predecessor's (lacking as it does the river Thames' unifying thread) and that it has had only modest success by comparison. Some of the individual vignettes that make up "Bummel" are as fine as (or even finer than) those of "Boat," according to this.

Paul Kelver, who is widely recognized as autobiographical, was published in 1902. The Passing of the Third Floor Back by Robert George George's 1908 play The Passing of the Third Floor Back introduced a more sombre and religious Jerome. The main character was played by Johnston Forbes-Robertson, one of the best actors of the time, and the play was a huge commercial hit. In 1918 and 1935, it was made into film twice. However, critics had dismissed the play as "vilely ignorant" and as written by a "tenth-rate writer."

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