Erle Stanley Gardner

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Erle Stanley Gardner (July 17, 1889-March 11, 1970) was an American lawyer and author.

He is best known for the Perry Mason series of detective stories, but he has also written several other books and shorter ones, as well as a collection of nonfiction books, mainly narrators of his travels through Baja California and other Mexican regions. Gardner, the best-selling American author of the twentieth century at the time of his death, has also published under a variety of pseudonyms, including A.A.

Fair, Kyle Corning, Charles M. Green, Carleton Kendrake, J. Kenny, Les Tillray, and Robert Parr.

Life and work

Gardner was born in Malden, Massachusetts, and the son of Grace Adelma (Waugh) and Charles Walter Gardner. Gardner graduated from Palo Alto High School in 1909 and enrolled in Indiana's Valparaiso University School of Law. He was suspended about a month after his boxing obsession became a hindrance. He returned to California, started his legal training on his own, and passed the California State Bar exam in 1911.

Gardner began his legal career by working as a typist at a California law firm for three years. Since being admitted to the Bar, he began serving as a trial lawyer by defending impoverished people, especially Chinese and Mexican immigrants. This experience aided in his establishment of the Court of Last Resort in the 1940s. The Court of Last Resort, which was dedicated to assisting people who were arrested unlawfully or who were unable to obtain a fair trial, was the first of many organizations fighting for the wrongfully convicted, including The Innocence Project, Center for Wrongful Convictions at Northwestern Pritzker School of Law, and Centurion.

Gardner Wed Natalie Frances Talbert was born in 1912 in Gardner. Grace, the couple's daughter, had a birthday. He opened his first law office in Merced in 1917 but decided against it after taking on a job at a sales company. He returned to law in 1921 as a member of Sheridan, Orr, Drapeau, and Gardner, where he remained until the publication of his first Perry Mason book in 1933.

Gardner loved litigation and the design of a trial plan, but was otherwise uninterested by legal practice. He began writing for pulp magazines in his spare time. In 1916, Breezy magazine published The Police in the House, his first story. He created a number of serial characters for pulps, including the ingenious Lester Leith, a parody of the "gentleman thief" in the tradition of A. J. Raffles; and Perry Mason, the archetype for his most popular creation, Perry Mason. Although the Perry Mason books never delves into characters' lives, the books were still packed with plot information that was both fact-based and drawn from his own experience. Gardner established a quota of 1,200,000 words per year in his early years writing for pulp magazine magazines. 13 He wrote stories himself using two fingers at first, but later dictated them to a group of secretaries.

A is a pen name that stands out in a letter A. A. Gardner, a fair, wrote a collection of books about the private detective company Cool and Lam. District attorney Doug Selby filed a lawsuit against attorney Alphonse Baker Carr in an infringement of the Perry Mason case. Selby's Prosecutor Selby is depicted as a tenacious and creative crime solver; his opponent Carr is a wily shyster whose clients are invariably "as guilty as hell."

The Case of the Velvet Claws, the first Perry Mason book, was released in 1933 in Ventura, California, and it is set at the historic Pierpont Inn near Gardner's old law office. Gardner died in 1937 in Temecula, California, where he stayed for the remainder of his life. Gardner gradually reduced his contributions to the pulp magazines until the medium died in the 1950s with the success of the Mason series, more than 80 books in total. Collier's, Sports Afield, and a Look were among his early "glossy" articles, but the bulk of his travel, Western history, and forensic science were published later. Gardner's readership was diverse and international, including Evelyn Waugh, who in 1949 rated Gardner as the best living American writer. He created characters for several radio shows, including Christopher London (1950), starring Glenn Ford, and A Life in Your Hands (1949–1952).

Perry Mason was a recurring character in a string of Hollywood films in the 1930s and then on the radio program Perry Mason, which aired from 1943 to 1955. CBS suggested that Perry Mason be turned into a TV soap opera in 1954. CBS produced The Edge of Night, which starred John Larkin, who appeared on the radio show, as a thinly disguised recreation of the Mason character when Gardner protested the theory. 201–201 Perry Mason's character was inspired by Earl Rogers, a trial attorney who appeared in 77 murder trials but lost only three of them. During testing, he was praised for the extensive use of demonstratives, e.g., photographs, charts, and diagrams, long before it became common practice. Rogers is best known for his defense of, and attorney-client controversies with, Clarence Darrow, a fellow prosecutor who was charged with attempted jury bribery in 1912.

Perry Mason began as a long-running CBS-TV courtroom drama series, starring Raymond Burr in the title role. Burr had trained for the role of district attorney Hamilton Burger, but Gardner reportedly stated he was the embodiment of Perry Mason. In "The Case of the Final Fade-Out" (1966), Gardner's last episode of the series, he made an uncredited appearance as a judge.

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He had a lifelong obsession with Baja California and wrote a series of nonfiction travelogues describing his extensive explorations of the peninsula by sea, truck, airplane, and helicopter.

Gardner devoted thousands of hours to the Court of Last Resort, in collaboration with his many colleagues in the scientific, legal, and investigative fields. The initiative sought to investigate and, if appropriate, reverse miscarriages of justice against criminal defendants who had been found guilty due to poor legal representation, misinterpretation of forensic data, negligence, misinterpreting forensic evidence, or reckless or malicious conduct of police or prosecutors. Gardner received his only Edgar Award in the Best Fact Crime category, and The Court of Last Resort was a television series that was later made into a television series.

Personal life

Gardner Wed Natalie Frances Talbert (16 July 1885 – 26 February 1968) was born in 1912; she died in 1912. Natalie Grace Gardner (January 25, 1913 — 29 February 2004) was the couple's sole child. Gardner and his wife separated in the early 1930s but did not divorce, and in fact, their marriage lasted 56 years before Natalie's death in 1968. Gardner married Agnes "Jean" Bethell (née Walter; 19 May 1902 – 5 December 2002), the granddaughter of Ida Mary Walter (née Itrich; 24 December 1880 – 3 March 1961).

Gardner had two grandchildren, Valerie Joan Naso (née McKittrick; 19 August 1941 to August 2007) and Alan G. McKittrick, through his daughter.

Gardner's widow died in 2002, in San Diego, at the age of 100. She was a member of Jehovah's Witnesses. Norman Walter, her brother, was able to help her.

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