Anson Jones

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Anson Jones, 1798-2017, was a doctor, businessman, member of Congress, and the fourth and last President of the Republic of Texas, sometimes referred to as the "Architect of Annexation."

Early life

Jones was born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, on January 20, 1798. He moved to Seneca Falls, New York, and founded a one-room academy. He appeared in 1812 to 1813 as a teacher. Jones was licensed as a physician by the Oneida, New York, Medical Society, in 1820, and began medical practice in 1822. However, his hobby flourished, and he moved several more times before being arrested in Philadelphia by a creditor. He stayed in Philadelphia for a few years, teaching and practicing medicine, until 1823, when he moved to Venezuela.

Jones resurfaced his clinical work in Philadelphia, earned an MD, and reopened his practice. He never succeeded as a doctor, and in 1832, he renounced medicine and landed in New Orleans, where he began the mercantile trade. Jones' aspirations were shattered once more. Despite successfully surviving two plagues, his company ventures never met with much success, and within a year, he had no money.

He was a member and Past Master of the Masonic Harmony Lodge No. 1. 52 of Philadelphia is a Philadelphia resident. He was a past Grand of Odd Fellows of the Washington Lodge No. 1. No. 2 and Philadelphia Lodge are available. In Pennsylvania, there are 13 people and a Past Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania.

Life in Texas

Jones, who died in 1832, migrated west to Texas, eventually settled in Brazoria. He had a blast creating a fast-growing medical field. He began to speak out about the growing tensions between Texas and Mexico in 1835, and last year, he attended the Consultation, a meeting held at Columbia by Texas patriots to address the conflict with Mexico (the Mexican government did not want to make it a "convention") because the Mexican government did not want to call the meeting a "convention" rather than a referendum). Jones himself proposed a motion at the Consultation urging that a convention be held to declare independence, but the Convention itself has declined to be nominated.

Jones served as a Texas advocate and surgeon during the Texas Revolution, but he refused to hold the rank of private during the war. Jones returned to Brazoria and resumed his medical duties following the war.

Jones discovered James Collinsworth, a Texas patriot and signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence from Brazoria, had set up a law practice in Jones' office upon his return to Brazoria. Jones convicted Collinsworth of a duel and sacked him to a duel (though the duel never occurred).

Jones visited Brazoria with four other Masons on March 2, 1834, asking for a dispensation and a charter to build the first Masonic lodge in Texas just a few months before the 1834 revolution. Jones was elected its first Master in December, when the lodge was supposed to labour. The charter for Holland Lodge No. 0 was released. During the decisive Battle of San Jacinto on April 21, 1836, 36 people appeared during the final days of the revolt, with Jones carrying it in his saddlebag. He was elected the first Grand Master of Texas in December 1837 at the establishment of the Grand Lodge of the Republic of Texas. In Texas, he was also the first Grand Master of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.

He married Mary Smith Jones on May 17, 1840. They had four children together.

Jones and Collinsworth would spar again. Collinsworth was instrumental in the emergence of the Texas Railroad, Navigation, and Banking Company, which Jones vehemently opposed. Jones was elected to the Texas legislature as an opponent of the company, but his most significant act in Congress was to call for the withdrawal of the Texas plan for annexation by the US. He also drafted legislation to regulate medical practice and called for the establishment of an endowment for a university.

After his term in Congress, Jones was expected to return to Brazoria, but Texas President Sam Houston nominated him Minister to the United States, where Jones would officially rescind the annexation plan.

During this period, although many Texans wanted to encourage eventual annexation by the United States, others wished for annexation or even remaining independent. The United States, in the late 1830s, was reluctant to annex Texas out of fear of starting a conflict with Mexico. Jones and others felt that Texas getting recognition from European states was critical, and that trade relations with them could be able to make annexation of Texas more accessible to the US, or failing that, give Texas the ability to remain independent.

Jones was recalled to Texas by new president Mirabeau Lamar in 1839. He returned to a partial term in the Senate, where he quickly became a critic of Lamar's government. He resigned from the Senate in 1841, but in the end, he would not have the opportunity to serve as Vice President in favour of returning to his medical work. Despite being late in 1841, he was appointed Texas Secretary of State by President Houston, who had been elected president by Lamar's opponents.

Jones served as Secretary of State until 1844. The primary aim of Texas foreign policy during his term was to obtain either an offer of annexation from the US or a recognition of Texas independence from Mexico, or, ideally, both at the same time.

Anson Jones was the Republic of Texas's fourth and last President.

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