Albert Pinkham Ryder

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Albert Pinkham Ryder (March 19, 1847-March 28, 1917) was an American painter best known for his poetic and moody allegorical paintings and seascapes, as well as his eccentric personality.

Although his art concentrated on subtle tonalist works of the time, it was notably for accentuating form in a way that some art historians regard as modernist.

Early life

Ryder was born in New Bedford, Massachusetts. New Bedford, a burgeoning whaling port during the nineteenth century, had a strong link with the sea, which later inspired Ryder. He was the youngest of four sons; no one knows about his childhood. While in New Bedford, he began painting landscapes. In 1867 or 1868, the Ryder family immigrated to New York City to join Ryder's older brother, who had opened a successful restaurant. The Hotel Albert, which became a Greenwich Village landmark, was also managed by his brother. Ryder served his meals at this hostelry for many years, but not the painter. Ryder applied to the National Academy of Design, but his application was turned down.

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Training and early career

Ryder's early biography suggested that he was a recluse, retaining that his style evolved in solitude and without a strong presence in modern American or European art, but later scholarship has changed this view, revealing his many affiliations and exposures to other artists. William Edgar Marshall, a New York painter, was Ryder's first art study. Ryder studied art at the National Academy of Design from 1870 to 1873, and then from 1874 to 1875. J. Alden Weir, who became his lifelong friend, was shown in 1873, and he sold his first painting there. Ryder made the first of four trips to Europe in 1877, where his study of the paintings of the French Barbizon school and the Dutch Hague School would have a major influence on his work. He became a founding member of the Society of American Artists in 1877. The Society was a loosely organized group whose academic achievements fell short of those of the time, and its members included Augustus Saint-Gaudens, Robert Swain Gifford (also from New Bedford), Ryder's best friend Julian Alden Weir, John LaFarge, and Alexander Helwig Wyant. Ryder lived with this group from 1878 to 1887. His early paintings of the 1870s were often tonalist landscapes, sometimes including cattle, trees, and small buildings.

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