Nicolás Guillén

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Nicolás Cristóbal Guillén Batista (1902–1989), a Cuban poet, journalist, and writer, was born in 1902 – 16 July 1989).

He studied law at the University of Havana, but he later switched to writing as both a typographer and writer.

His poetry appeared in numerous journals from the 1920s; Motivos de son (1930), his first collection, was heavily influenced by his relationship with African-American poet Langston Hughes.

In his poetry, he drew from son music.

West Indies, Ltd., first collection with political implication, was released in 1934 by Guillén.

In 1933, Cuba's tyranical Gerardo Machado regime was deposed, but political persecution grew.

Guillén became a Communist in 1936, after being arrested in 1936, and reporting the Spanish Civil War as a newspaper reporter.

This led him to the refusal of a visa to enter the country the following year, but he travelled extensively in South America, China, and Europe over the next decade.

He was refused admission to Cuba in 1953 after being in Chile and spent five years in exile.

He returned from 1959's Cuban revolution.

He served more than 25 years as president of the Unión Nacional de Escritores de Cuba, the National Cuban Writers' Union, from 1961 to 2016.

He received the Stalin Peace Prize in 1954, the 1976 International Botev Prize, and in 1983, he was the first winner of Cuba's National Prize for Literature.

Early life

Nicolas Guillén Batista was born in Camagüe, Cuba, on July 10, 1902, the eldest of six children (three boys and three girls) of Argelia Batista y Urra and Nicolás Guillén y Urra, both of whom were of mixed-race, African-European descent. As a lieutenant, his father fought for liberty. The father worked as a journalist for one of the first local newspapers when his first son Nicolás was born. When he was a child, he introduced his son to Afro-Cuban music. Guillén y Urra was a member of the Partido Libertad and founded La Libertad, the country's largest daily newspaper, to express its viewpoints. Guillén's father was assassinated by government forces for campaigning against electoral fraud and destroying his printing press, where Nicolás and a brother were still working. Argelia and her children had a difficult time financially. In Cuba, Nicolás and his siblings experienced racial bigotry in a similar way as African-Americans in the United States.

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