Henryk Sienkiewicz

At 70 years old, Henryk Sienkiewicz physical status not available right now. We will update Henryk Sienkiewicz's height, weight, eye color, hair color, build, and measurements.

Henryk Adam Sienkiewicz, a Polish journalist, novelist, and Nobel Prize Laureate, was born in 1846, but he was also known by the anonymous Litwos ['litf?s].

Quo Vadis, the internationally known best-seller, is best known for his historical novels. In the late 1860s, he began publishing journalistic and literary books. He was born into an impoverished Polish noble family in Russian-ruled Congress Poland.

In the late 1870s, he travelled to the United States, returning travel articles that had piqued his interest among Polish readers.

He began serializing books in the 1880s, which only raised his fame.

He was soon recognized as one of Poland's most popular writers of the 19th and 20th centuries, and several translations earned him international recognition, culminating in his acceptance of the 1905 Nobel Prize in Literature for his "outstanding contributions as an epic writer." Many of his books are still in print.

He is best known for his "Trilogy" of historical novels in Poland – With Fire and Sword, The Deluge, and Sir Michael, set in the 17th-century Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth; internationally, he is best known for Quo Vadis, which is set in Nero's Rome.

The Trilogy and Quo Vadis have been shot several times, with Hollywood's 1951 version receiving the most foreign attention.

Life

Sienkiewicz was born in Wola Okrzejska, now a village in the central part of Lubelskie, Poland's eastern Polish region of Lubelskie, which was later part of the Russian Empire. His family, who were on his father's side, descended from Tatars who had settled in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, impoverished Polish nobles. Józef Sienkiewicz (1813–96) of the Oszyk coat of arms, as well as Stefania Cieciszowska (1820–73). His mother descended from an old and wealthy Podlachian family. He had five siblings: Kazimierz, an older brother who died in January 1863-1864, and four sisters: Aniela, Helena, Zofia, and Maria. He and his family were allowed to wear the Polish Oszyk coat of arms. Felicjana Cieciszowska, Wola Okrzejska, belonged to the writer's maternal grandmother, Felicjana Cieciszowska. Henryk's family has moved several times, and he spent his childhood in Grabowce Górne, W.C., and Burzec. He began his education in Warsaw in 1858, where the family would eventually settle in 1861 after purchasing a tenement house ( kamienica) in eastern Warsaw's Praga district. Except in the humanities, particularly Polish language and history, he received very poor school marks, particularly in terms of Polish language and history.

In Posk, the 19-year-old Sienkiewicz took up teaching the Weyher family. Ofiara (Sacrifice), he wrote his first book during this period, presumably; he is said to have destroyed the manuscript of the never-published book. In addition, he worked on his first book to be published, Na marne (In Vain). He took extramural secondary-school classes, and in 1866 he received his secondary-school diploma. He first attempted to study medicine, then law at the Imperial University of Warsaw, but he soon moved to the University's Institute of Philology and History, where he gained a deep appreciation of literature and Old Polish Language. Except that he moved out of his parents' house, tutored part-time, and lived in poverty, not much is known about this period of his life. When he became a tutor to the princely Woroniecki family in 1868, his fortune changed somewhat.

"Sielanka Modo" (Idyll of Youth), a rhymed piece that was rejected by Tygodnik Illustrowany in 1867 (The Illustrated Weekly). Przegld Tygodny (1866-1904), the writer's debut in 1869, published an article about the late-Renaissance Polish poet Mikoaj Szarzyski, which appeared in The Weekly Review. He completed his university studies in 1871, but he was unable to gain a degree because he did not pass the examination in Greek language. Sienkiewicz also wrote for Gazeta Polska (The Polish Gazette) and Niwa (magazine), using the pen name "Litwos." He began writing "Bez tytu" ("Without a name") in The Polish Gazette in 1873; in 1874, he wrote "Sprawy biece" ("Current issues") for Niwa; and "Chwila obecna" ("This present moment"); and in 1875 he began writing a column ("The present moment" (the present). He also worked on a Polish translation of Victor Hugo's last book, Ninety-Three, which was published in 1874. He became co-owner of Niwa in June that year (in 1878, he would sell his share in the magazine).

Meanwhile, he had debut in 1872 as a fiction writer with his short story Na marne (In Vain), which was published in the journal Wieniec (Garland). This was followed by Humoreski z teki Woroszy (Humorous Sketches from Woroszy's Files, 1872), Stary Suga (The Old Servant, 1876), Hania (Sienkiewicz) (1876) and Selim Mirza (1877). The last three chapters are also known as the "Little Trilogy." These publications made him a well-known figure in Warsaw's journalistic-literary scene, as well as a guest at popular dinner parties hosted by actress Helena Modrzejewska.

Henryk Sienkiewicz, a native of 1874, was briefly engaged to Maria Keller and then moved to Brussels and Paris. His fiancée's parents canceled the wedding soon after he returned home. Helena Modrzejewska (soon to become well-known in the United States as actress Helena Modjeska) and her husband in 1876 went to the United States with Helena Modrzejewski (soon to become well-known in the United States as actress Helena Modjewska). He went from London to New York and then on to San Francisco, where he spent a few months in California. Sienkiewicz's travels were funded by Gazeta Polska (The Polish Gazette) in exchange for a collection of travel reports: Sienkiewicz's Listy z podróy (Letters from a Journey) and Listy Litwosa z Podróy (Letters from a Journey), which were published in The Polish Gazette in 1876–78 and republished as a book in 1880 He wrote several articles in Przegl's Tygodniowy (The Weekly Review) and Przewodnik Naukowy i Literacki (The Learned and Literary Guide), as well as Przegl's (The Weekly Review) and Przewodnik Naukowy i Literacki (The Learned and Literary Guide), which were both published in Przegl (The Weekly Review) and Przewodni He lived in Anaheim for a brief period of time and then moved to Anaheim Landing (now Seal Beach, California). He hunted, explored Native American camps (the Santa Ana, Sierra Madre, San Jacinto, and San Bernardino Mountains) and visited the Mojave Desert, Yosemite Valley, and the silver mines in Virginia City, Nevada, and the gold mines in San Francisco, Nevada. Modjeska's debut in San Francisco's California Theatre, which he wrote for The Polish Gazette, was recorded in the Daily Evening Post on "Poland and Russia," translated into English for him by Modjeska.

In 1877, he wrote Szkice w.glem (Charcoal Sketches) in The Polish Gazette, one of America's longest-serving fiction. Na przebój, a play that was later retitled Na jedn kart (On a Single Card), was staged at Lviv (1879) and later in Warsaw (1881), with a more welcoming reception. Modjeska wrote a play for Modjeska aimed at the American public, Z walki tutejszych partii (Partisan Struggles), but the script was never produced or published, and it seems that it was lost.

Sienkiewicz left the United States for Europe on March 24th. He first remained in London and then for a year in Paris, delaying his return to Poland due to rumors of potential conscription into the Imperial Russian Army on the eve of a predicted new war with Turkey.

Sienkiewicz's return to Polish soil in April 1879. "Z Nowego Jorku do Kalifornii" ("From New York to California") in Lviv (Lwów). Subsequent lectures in Szczawnica and Krynica in July-August this year were much more fruitful, and in Warsaw and Pozna the next year. He travelled to Venice and Rome in late summer 1879, which he stayed for the next few weeks, returning to Warsaw on November 7th. Maria Szetkiewicz, who married on August 1881, was present there. According to reports, the marriage was a happy one. Henryk Józef (1882–1959) and Jadwiga Maria (1883–1969) were both children. It was a short-lived marriage, but Maria died of tuberculosis on August 1885.

In 1879, the first collected edition of Sienkiewicz's works was published in four volumes; the series would continue until 1917, with a total of 17 volumes. He also wrote journalistic articles, mainly in The Polish Gazette and Niwa. In 1881, he published a favorable review of Boles' first collected collection of works.

Niewola tatarska, a literary novella written in 1880 by Sienkiewicz, was translated into "Tartar Captivity." He became editor-in-chief of a new Warsaw newspaper, Sowo (The Word), in late 1881. His finances have been greatly enhanced as a result of his work. In 1882, he was heavily involved in the newspaper's election, in which he published a number of columns and short stories. However, he soon lost interest in the journalistic element and decided to concentrate more on his literary work. He paid less attention to his position as editor-in-chief in 1887 but as the paper's literary section's remaining editor until 1892.

He moved his attention away from short stories to historical novels in 1883. Ogniem i Mieczem, the historical novel (With Fire and Sword), was he started working on it. Wilcze gniazdo (The Wolf's Lair), it appeared in serial installments in The Word from May 1883 to March 1884. It appeared in the Kraków newspaper, Czas, as well as Time (Time).

Sienkiewicz's second volume, Potop (The Deluge), was released shortly. It ran in The Word from December 1884 to September 1886. Sienkiewicz went from marie to foreign sanatoriums in 1884. Following his mother's death, he continued to travel Europe, leaving his children with his late wife's parents, but he returned to Poland often, often staying for long stretches in Warsaw and Kraków, beginning in the 1890s. Pan Wojowski (Sir Michael), his third volume of his Trilogy, appeared in The Word from May 1887 to May 1888, following his return to Warsaw in 1887. Sienkiewicz was named as the most popular contemporary Polish writer by the Trilogy.

Sienkiewicz received 15,000 rubles in honor of his contributions, from an unidentified admirer who identified himself as "Micha" after the Trilogy plot. Sienkiewicz set up a fund for his wife's benefit and the Academy of Learning's supervision to support artists who are vulnerable by tuberculosis.

He toured Istanbul in 1886, Spain in 1888; 1888, Istanbul. He moved to Africa at the end of 1890, resulting in Listy z Afryki (Letters from Africa), which was published in The Word in 1891–92, and later sold as a book in 1893. The 1880s to the 1890s was a period of intense research on several novels. In 1891, his book Without dogma (Bez Dogmatu), which had been serialized in 1889-90 in The Word, was released in book form. Sienkiewicz signed an agreement for another book, Rodzina Pozanieckich (Children of the Soil), in 1892, which appeared in The Polish Gazette from 1893 and 1894 in book form.

Sienkiewicz had many romances, but Maria Romanowska-Wodkowicz, the stepdaughter of a wealthy Odessan, had a life in 1892. In 1893, he and Romanowska married in Kraków on November 11th. His bride left him just two weeks later; Sienkiewicz criticized "in-law intrigues." He obtained papal permission to dissolve the marriage on December 13, 1895. Maria Babska, his niece, married him in 1904.

Sienkiewicz used his international fame to influence world opinion in favour of the Polish cause (throughout his life and the late 18th century, Poland was divided by her neighbors, Russia, Austria, and Prussia, later Germany). He has often condemned German plans for the Germanisation of the Polish minority in Germany; in 1901, he expressed sympathy for Wrzenia schoolchildren who were protesting the ban of the Polish language. He called on Russia's government to bring reforms to Russian-controlled Congress Poland, which is becoming more cautious. During the Polish Revolution, he favoured expanded Polish autonomy within the Russian Empire.

Sienkiewicz maintained links with Polish right-wing National Democracy politicians and was critical of the socialists, but he was still a moderate who refused to serve as a politician and a deputy to the Russian Duma. He was instrumental in the design of the Kraków and Warsaw monuments to Adam Mickiewicz, which was in the cultural field. He supported educational pursuits and co-founded the Polska Macierz Szkolna group. "Reasonably wealthy" by 1908, according to his books' sales, he often used his new money to help struggling writers. He has contributed to the construction of a tuberculosis sanatorium in Zakopane and starvation relief. He was as popular in philanthropy as well as literature.

He wrote the first chapters of Quo Vadis in February 1895. In Warsaw's Polish Gazette, Kraków's Czas (Time), and Pozna's Dziennik Pozna (Pozna) serialized the novel, beginning in March 1895. By March 1896, the book was published. The book version appeared later this year and gained international attention. He began serializing a new book, Krzytonic Knights, or The Knights of the Cross, in February 1897; serialization ended in 1900, and the book version came out the same year.

Sienkiewicz celebrated his quarter-century in 1900, after a three-year absence due to Mickiewicz's birth. Several Polish towns, including Kraków, Lwów, and Pozna, held special events. A jubilee committee presented him with a gift from the Polish people: an estate at Oblgorek, near Kielce, where he later opened a school for children.

He received the Nobel Prize for his lifetime as an epic writer in 1905. "She was pronounced dead, but here is evidence that she is victorious," he said in his acceptance address.

The writer's literary output decreased as a result of his socioeconomic and political activities. He wrote a new historical novel named Na polu chwa (On the Field of Glory), but it was rejected as being a lesser version of his original Trilogy, and was never published. Wiry (Whirlpools), 1910, a contemporary book that set out to criticize some of Sienkiewicz's political foes, received largely critical and politicized responses. W pustyni i w puszczy, a young people's book that appeared in Kurier Warszawski (The Warsaw Courier), was much more popular among children and young adults and young adults, and it became extremely popular among children and young adults.

Sienkiewicz was visited at Oblgorek by a Polish Legion cavalry unit under Boles' Boles, who was the first victim of World War I. He left for Switzerland immediately after. He formed an organization for Polish war relief alongside Ignacy Paderewski and Erazm Piltz. He also endorsed the work of the Red Cross. Normally, he avoided politics, but shortly before his death, he supported the Act of 5th November 1916, a decree by Emperors Wilhelm II of Germany and Franz Joseph of Hungary and king of Hungary, pledging the establishment of a puppet kingdom of Poland allied with, and ruled by, the Central Powers.

Sienkiewicz died on November 15, 1916, at the Grand Hotel du Lac in Vevey, Switzerland, where he was buried on November 22. The cause of death was ischemic heart disease. Representatives from both the Central Powers and the Entente attended his funeral, as well as Pope Benedict XV's address.

Sienkiewicz's remains were repatriated to Warsaw, Poland, and deposited in the crypt of St. John's Cathedral in 1924, after Poland regained her independence. In a number of cities, solemn memorial services were held during the coffin's ride. Thousands followed the coffin to its Warsaw resting place, and Poland's President Stanis Wojciechowski delivered a eulogy.

Source