Georg Trakl

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Georg Trakl (March 1887 – November 3, 1914) was an Austrian poet and brother of pianist Grete Trakl.

He is regarded as one of Austria's most influential Expressionists.

He is perhaps best known for his poem "Grodek," which he wrote shortly before he died of a cocaine overdose.

Life and work

Trakl was born in Salzburg and lived for the first 21 years of his life. Tobias Trakl's father, Tobias Trakl (17 June 1837, Wiener Neustadt – 1910), was a hardware dealer from Hungary, but Maria Catharina Halik (17 May 1852, Wiener Neustadt – 1925) was a housewife of partially Czech descent, who brought Trakl's acquaintance with French language and literature at an early age. Grete Trakl, his brother, was a musician; with her, he outlined artistic endeavors. Poems refer to an incestuous relationship between the two countries.

Trakl went to a Catholic elementary school, but his parents were Protestant. In 1897, he graduated from the Salzburg Staatsgymnasium, where he had difficulties with Latin, Greek, and mathematics, which required him to repeat one year and then leave without Matura. Trakl began writing poetry at age 13.

Trakl served as a pharmacist for three years before deciding to practice pharmacy as a career; this enabled access to medications such as morphine and cocaine. It was during this period that he experimented with playwriting, but his two short plays, All Souls' Day and Fata Morgana, were not well received, but not as well-received. However, Trakl also published four prose pieces in the feuilleton section of two Salzburg newspapers from May to December 1906. All of his mature works revolve around themes and settings. This is especially true of "Traumland" (Dreamland), in which a young man falls in love with a dying girl who is his cousin.

Trakl moved to Vienna to study pharmacy and became friends with some local artists who helped him publish some of his poems in 1908. Trakl's father died in 1910, shortly before Trakl received his pharmacy diploma; after that, Trakl enlisted in the army for a year. His return to civilian life in Salzburg was unsuccessful, and he re-enlisted, serving as a pharmacist at a hospital in Innsbruck. He became acquainted with a group of avant-garde artists with the well-respected literary journal Der Brenner, a journal that started the Kierkegaard revival in Germany-speaking countries. Ludwig von Ficker, the editor of Der Brenner (and son of the scholar Julius von Ficker), became his patron; Trakl's editor regularly published Trakl's work and vowed to find him a publisher to produce a series of poems. Gedichte (Poems), a Leipzig book published by Kurt Wolff in 1913, was the result of these efforts. Ludwig Wittgenstein, a stipend who anonymously gave Trakl a sizable stipend so he could concentrate on writing, was also recalled.

Trakl served in the Austro-Hungarian Army and was sent as a medical officer to assist soldiers on the Eastern Front at the start of World War I. Trakl had bouts of depression. Trakl was forced to steward the recovery of ninety soldiers wounded in the Russian Revolution's ferocious war on one occasion during the Battle of Gródek (fought in autumn 1914 at Gródek and later in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria). He tried to escape from the strain, but his comrades had to stop him. Trakl slipped into deeper depression after being hospitalized in a Kraków military hospital and closely followed closely, and Ficker wrote to Ficker for help. Ficker begged Wittgenstein to visit him. Wittgenstein went to the hospital but discovered Trakl had died from a cocaine overdose after receiving Trakl's note. Trakl was buried at Rakowsky's Rakownicki Cemetery on November 6th, 1914, but his remains were relocated to Innsbruck-Mühlau's municipal cemetery, where they now repose next to Ficker's.

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