Douglas Mawson

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Sir Douglas Mawson FRS FAA (May 1882 – October 14, 1958) was an Australian geologist, Antarctic explorer, and academic.

During the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, Roald Amundsen, Robert Falcon Scott, and Sir Ernest Shackleton were among his expedition leaders.

In his honour, the Mawson Station in the Australian Antarctic Territory has been named.

Early life

Mawson was born on May 5th, 1882, to Robert Ellis Mawson and Margaret Ann Moore. He was born in Shipley, West Riding of Yorkshire, but his family emigrated to Australia and settled at Rooty Hill, now in Sydney's western suburbs; later, he and his family migrated to Glebe, an inner-Sydney suburb. He attended Forest Lodge Public School, Fort Street Model School, and the University of Sydney, where he graduated in 1902 with a Bachelor of Engineering degree.

Early work

In 1903, he was assigned geologist to an expedition to the New Hebrides (now Vanuatu); his book, The Geology of the New Hebrides, was one of Melanesia's first major geological works. He also published a geological paper on Mittagong, New South Wales, earlier this year. Professor Edgeworth David and Professor Archibald Liversidge were two of his major influences in his geological work. He later became a professor of petrology and mineralogy at the University of Adelaide in 1905. He discovered and first described the mineral davidite.

Later life

Francisca Adriana (Paquita) Delprat (daughter of metallurgist G. D. Delprat) died on March 31 in Balaclava, Victoria, Mawson married Francisca Adriana (Paquita) Delprat. Patricia and Jessica were the two children of two sisters. He was knighted in 1914 and was preoccupied with reports of the Scott disaster until World War II came to an end. Mawson served in the war as a major in the British Ministry of Munitions. He was appointed to the professorship of geology and mineralogy at the University of Adelaide in 1919 and made a major contribution to Australian geology. In 1929-31, he arranged and led the joint British Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition, which resulted in the establishment of the Australian Antarctic Territory in 1936. He also spent considerable time researching the geology of the northern Flinders Ranges in South Australia.

On his retirement from teaching in 1952, he was appointed an emeritus professor at the University of Adelaide. He died of cerebral hemorrhage at his Brighton home on October 14th. He was 76 years old. He had yet to finish editorial work on all the journals resulting from his expedition at the time of his death, but this was only in 1975.

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