Paul Henreid

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Paul Henreid (10 January 1908 – 29 March 1992) was an Austrian-born American actor and film director.

He is best remembered for two roles: Victor Laszlo in Casablanca and Jerry Durrance in Now, Voyager, both released in 1942.

Early life

Born Paul Georg Julius Hernried in the city of Trieste, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Henreid was the son of Maria-Luise (Lendecke) and Karl Alphons Hernried, an ennobled Viennese banker, born as Carl Hirsch, who had converted in 1904 from Judaism to Catholicism, due to anti-semitism. Henreid's father died in April 1916, and the family fortune had dwindled by the time he graduated from the exclusive Theresianische Akademie.

Personal life and legacy

Henreid married Elizabeth Camilla Julia "Lisl" Glück (1908–1993) in 1936; the couple adopted two daughters. In 1992, at age 84, Henreid died of pneumonia in Santa Monica, California after suffering a stroke. He was buried in nearby Woodlawn Cemetery.

In Los Angeles, California in 1960, to honor Henreid's significant contributions to the entertainment industry as both an actor and director, two stars were dedicated to him and installed on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. One of those stars, which recognizes his career in film, is located at 6366 Hollywood Boulevard; the other, for television, is at 1720 Vine Street.

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Stage and film careers

Henreid trained in Vienna, Austria, for the theatre's rejection of his family's involvement, and he debuted on the stage under Max Reinhardt's direction. In the 1930s, he began working in German and Austrian films. He was notably anti-Nazi during this time, so much so that he was later designated as a "true enemy of the Third Reich" and that all his assets were confiscated.

In 1937, Henreid appeared as Prince Albert in Victoria Regina's first British stage performance. Henreid's deportation or internment as an enemy alien had been a risk, but Conrad Veidt (who later appeared in the film Casablanca) said for him, and British filmmakers were allowed to stay and work in British films. Veidt was a convicted anti-Nazi with a Jewish wife. Henreid's work in British cinema was able to resume thanks to such support. In 1939, he had a notable supporting role as Staefel in Goodbye, Mr. Chips, and his third appearance as a German espionage agent in Munich's thrilling Night Train. He appeared in a minor role in the British musical comedy spy film Under Your Hat in 1940.

Henreid was put under RKO in 1941 after relocating to the United States and running a fruitful run on Broadway in Flight to the West. The studio changed his name by omitting the nobiliary word "von" as "Henreid" would be less overtly Germanic. Henreid became a resident of the United States in 1981. Joan of Paris, his first film for the studio, was a big hit.

Henreid, who was born in 1942, was in Now, Voyager, playing the romantic lead opposite Bette Davis. Victor Laszlo, a brilliant anti-German resistance leader on the run in Casablanca (1942) with Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman, was his next role. Warners later sought to solidify Henreid's new fame by co-starring Ida Lupino in a romantic drama, In Our Time (1944), a remake of Outward Bound. The Conspirators (1944) was an effort to repeat Casablanca's triumph with Henreid fighting Nazis in an ostensibly neutral city with a supporting cast including Sydney Greenstreet and Peter Lorre. In Watch on the Rhine (which went to Paul Lukas) and Mr Skeffington (which went to Claude Rains), Henreid turned down the male lead alongside Bette Davis.

In the studio's 1945 debut The Spanish Main, Henny returned to RKO for a short time as a pirate swashbuckler. He was cast in Devotion, a biopic of the Bront family in which Henreid portrays Arthur Bell Nicholls, returning to Warner Bros. In an adaptation of Of Human Bondage (1946), he was next cast opposite Eleanor Parker. In Song of Love (1947) opposite Katharine Hepburn, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer borrowed Henreid from Warners to play Robert Schumann. Henreid wrote in his memoirs that he bought out his Warner Bros deal for $75,000 and was offered a long-term deal at MGM for $150,000 a year but turned it down.

Lady Man Henreid's autobiography tells that he was one of a group of Hollywood celebrities who went to Washington to protest the House Committee on Un-American Activities' excesses, following which he was semi-blacklisted. He claims he was blacklisted from major studios for five years, apart from Rope of Sand, which was directed by a friend, before the blacklist was lifted, and he never knew why.

Henreid left Warner Bros. and turned producer, starring the film noir Hollow Triumph (1948), in which he appeared also. In a Burt Lancaster adventure film Rope of Sand (1949), he was a villain. In 1950, he made So Young, So Bad, a low-budget film for Edward and Harry Danziger, which was followed by Sam Katzman's invitation to play pirate Jean Lafitte in Last of the Buccaneers (1950). He then went to France for Pardon My French (1951) before returning to Katzman for Thief of Damascus (1951). In For Men Only (1952), he starred and played the lead role. He made film noirs Stolen Face (1952) and Mantrap (1953), then moved to Katzman for Siren of Bagdad (1953). Henreid appeared in a minor role in Deep in My Heart, his first "A" film in many years, when he was back for MGM. He went straight to Columbia Pictures, where he appeared in Pirates of Tripoli for Katzman; and then, in a little while, to MGM for a part of Meet Me in Las Vegas. He appeared on Broadway in Festival for the second time.

Henreid began directing both film and television productions in the early 1950s. His "small-screen" directorial credits include episodes of Alfred Hitchcock Presents, Maverick, Bonanza, The Virgin, and The Big Valley. He also directed "A Woman's Devotion (1956), in which he served a supporting role, Girls on the Loose (1958), and Live Well, Die Young (1958). He directed Dead Ringer, which stars Bette Davis and appears in a minor role in Henreid's daughter Monika.

Henreid continued to play some minor roles in Ten Thousand Bedrooms (1959), Never So Few (1959), and Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1962). Operation Crossbow (1965), The Madwoman of Chaillot (1969), and The Failing of Raymond (1971) are among the additional film appearances. Henreid appeared in Don Juan, Germany, in 1973, prior to his last film appearance in Exorcist II: The Heretic (1977).

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