Oscar Milosz

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Oscar Vladislas de Lubicz Milosz (Lithuanian: Oskar Milaius; Polish: Oskar Wladyslaw Milosz) (28 May 1877 – March 2, 1939) was a French language poet, playwright, author, essayist, and representative of Lithuania at the League of Nations.

His literary career began in the nineteenth century with the books Ars Magna and Les Arcanes, in which he created a highly personal and dense Christian cosmogony similar to Dante's in Paradise Lost and John Milton in Paradise Lost.

His poems, which are solitary and unique in the twentieth century, are both visionary and often terrified.

He was a distant cousin of Polish writer Czeslaw Milosz, who was proclaimed the Nobel Prize for literature in 1980.

Life

Oscar Milosz was born in Areja (Chereya), later Minsk Governorate, Russian Empire, and later in modern-day Belarus, where he spent his childhood. This region was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania between 1316 and 1795. Vladislas de Lubicz Milosz, Oscar Milosz's father, was ethnically Lithuanian, nominally Catholic, and for a brief period of time an officer in the imperial Russian army. Marie Rosalie Rosenthal, his mother, was Jewish, and the niece of a Hebrew professor at the University of Warsaw. At home, the family spoke Polish. On July 2nd, 1886, Oscar was baptized as a Catholic at St. Alexander's Church in Warsaw. When he was 12, his parents took him to the Lycée Janson de Sailly in Paris. He began writing poems in 1894 and stepped into popular artistic circles, meeting Oscar Wilde and Jean Moréas. He enrolled at École des langues orientales after completing at Lyce, where he studied Syriac and Hebrew.

Le Poème des Décadences, his first book of verse, appeared in 1899. Milosz travelled extensively in Europe and North Africa during the twentieth century's first years, discovering several foreign literatures. Milosz, a French poet, was an excellent linguist and was fluent in French, Polish, Russian, English, German, Italian, and Spanish, as well as being able to read Latin and Hebrew. He will have written and spoken Lithuanian and studied Basque later in life.

In 1906, Milosz's second poetry collection, Les Sept Solitudes, was released. He then began to write in a new style of literary experimentation, including L'Amoureuse Initiation, which was published in 1910, and three "mystery dramas," the most popular of these plays being Miguel Maara (1913), a revival of the Don Juan myth. Les Éléments (1911), his third poetry collection, was also produced during this period.

Milosz said the spiritual sun in his prayers at the end of an evening of intensive Bible and Emanuel Swedenborg, on December 14, 1914. His poetry became more complex as a result of this realization. He began to study the Kabbalah, Renaissance and Baroque alchemists, as well as writers like Paracelsus and Jacob Boehme. His metaphysics research became his primary poetic obsession after 1916. He began to develop a literary cosmogonic system in the tradition of Lucretius, Dante, John Milton, William Blake, and Edgar Allan Poe's essay Éthical, published in La Revue de Hollande in 1917. Milosz argued that his poetic cosmogony was bolstered by Einstein's notion of relativity, which is also a point of discussion. Milosz, a numerologist René Schwaller de Lubicz, turned his back on these latests of thought and began to research medieval science and thinkers like Robert Grosseteste in this period. He converted from Father Confessor to Roman Catholic in 1927, which he maintained for the remaining 12 years of his life.

Milosz was recruited to the Russian division of the French army in 1916 and was assigned to the press corps during World War I. The Soviets confiscated Areja following the Russian Revolution of October 1917. Milosz was forced to work to survive, but fortunately, his family fortune was cut off, and he needed to make a living. He heard of the growing movement for Lithuanian independence around this time. Milosz started to identify Lithuania after the war, although he did not know Lithuanian because it was the original homeland of his ancestors in and before the 13th century. He was officially named Chargé d'Affaires for the new state in 1920, when France recognized Lithuania's independence. Milosz's diplomatic career is one of his legacy's most interesting aspects; his books and correspondence in the service of the reborn Lithuanian state demonstrate a high degree of nuance and rigor. He became a French citizen in 1931 and was given the Légion d'honneur.

He died of a heart attack in 1939, just after resigning from his diplomatic service and sick with cancer. He is buried in Fontainebleau's cemetery. Every year, around the time of his birthday, Les Amis de Milosz, a group of admirers, commemorates his life and work in a service at the gravesite.

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