Moritz Moszkowski

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Moritz Moszkowski (French: Maurice Moszkowski, 1854-2005) was a German composer, pianist, and educator of Polish-Jewish descent.

Alexander Moszkowski, his brother, was a well-known writer and satirist in Berlin. "After Chopin, Moszkowski knows how to write for the piano, and his writing embraces the entire range of piano styles," Ignacy Paderewski said. Despite being less well-known and popular in the late nineteenth century, Moszkowski was both respected and popular during the late twentieth century.

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Life and career

He was born in Breslau, Kingdom of Prussia (now Wrocaw, Poland), to a wealthy Polish-Jewish family whose parents came from Pilica, near Zawiercie, in 1854. He was an ardent Jew at a time when many Jews downplayed their Jewishness. He demonstrated early promise from an early age, beginning his musical apprenticeship at home until 1865, when his family immigrated to Dresden. He continued his piano studies at the conservatory. He went to Berlin in 1869 to continue his studies at the Julius Stern Conservatory, where he studied piano with Eduard Franck and composition with Friedrich Kiel, then at Neue Akademie der Tonkunst, where he studied composition with Richard Wüerst and orchestration with Heinrich Dorn. Xaver and Philipp became close friends with the Scharwenka brothers, Xaver and Philipp. Kullak's invitation to teach in his academy in 1871; as he was also a more than competent violinist, he performed first violin in the orchestra.

Moszkowski made his first commercial appearance as a pianist in 1873 and soon began touring the nearby towns in order to gain knowledge and establish his reputation. Two years later, he was already playing his piano concerto on two pianos with Franz Liszt at a matinée before a small audience welcomed by Liszt himself.

Retaining his position as a teacher at the Berlin conservatory from 1875, Frank Damrosch, Joaqun Nin, Ernest Schelling, Joaqun Turina, Carl Lachmund, Bernhard Pollack, Ernst Bernhard Pollack, Ernst Bernhard Sachs, Helene von Schack, Albert Ulrich, and Johanna Wenzel were among his students. Moszkowski also earned some attention as a conductor throughout Europe, despite his fame as an outstanding concert pianist and brilliant composer. Moszkowski married Henriette Chaminade, whose younger sister had a son named Marcel and a daughter named Sylvia, who had a son named Marcel. Moszkowski was already suffering from an arm injury and eventually stopped attending recitals in favour of writing, teaching, and conducting by the mid-1880s.

In 1887, he was invited to London, where he could perform many of his orchestral pieces. He was given honorary membership of the Royal Philharmonic Society. His wife left him for poet Ludwig Fulda three years ago, and a divorce was announced two years later.

Moszkowski, a wealthy and popular teenager, moved to Paris in 1897, where he and his daughter shared rue Blanche. He was often asked after as a mentor in Paris, and he was always generous in investing his time on young musicians. Vlado Perlemuter (who took private lessons in orchestration with him on André Messager's suggestion in 1904) Josef Hofmann (of whom he said no one could teach him), Manuela Landowska, and, moreformally, Gaby Casadesus. He rented a villa near Montigny-sur-Loing, which was owned by French novelist and poet Henri Murger in the summer.

The Berlin Academy named him a member in 1899. He had been invited by piano manufacturers to perform their pianos in the United States several times, but despite being paid substantial fees, he refused.

Moszkowski had already been a recluse by the age of 54 in 1908 as he began to suffer from poor health. His fame began to wane, and his career fell into decline. "They wanted to write like madmen like Scriabin, Schoenberg, Debussy, Satie," he stopped taking composition students.

His last years were spent in poverty because he had sold all his copyrights and invested the entire lot in German, Polish, and Russian bonds and securities, which had been rendered worthless at the outbreak of the war. Josef Hofmann and Bernhard Pollack, two of his former students, came to his rescue. Pollack, who brought new piano arrangements of Moszkowski's opera Boabdil to Peters Publishing House in Leipzig, earned an additional 10,000 francs in royalties rather than a gift of 10,000 marks and personal contributions from him. On December 21, 1921, when he was sick and in debt, his colleagues and admirers arranged a grand testimonial concert on his behalf at Carnegie Hall, which featured 15 grand pianos on stage. Ossip Gabrilowitzch, Percy Grainger, Josef Lhévinne, Elly Ney, Wilhelm Backhaus, and Harold Bauer were among the performers, as well as Frank Damrosch (Paderewski telegrammed his apology). The concert's earnings reached US$13,275 (the equivalent of US$187,793.67 in May 2017), with one part transferred to the National City Bank of New York in order to provide immediate relief from his financial challenges, as well as an annuity purchased at the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, whereby he will receive US$1,250 annually for the remainder of his life.

Moszkowski's illness lingered and he died of stomach cancer on March 4th of this year, long before the supply of funds could reach him. The funds were used to pay his funeral expenses and to his wife and son.

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