Marc Andreessen

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Marc Lowell Andreessen (ann-DREE-s?n) is an American entrepreneur, investor, and software programmer.

He is co-author of Mosaic, the first widely used web browser; co-founder of Netscape; and co-founder and general partner of Silicon Valley venture capital company Andreessen Horowitz.

He created and sold the software firm Opsware to Hewlett-Packard later.

Andreessen is also a co-founder of Ning, a company that provides a platform for social networking pages.

He is one of the board of directors of Facebook, eBay, and Hewlett Packard Enterprise, among others.

Andreessen was one of six people inducted into the World Wide Web Hall of Fame in 1994, and the First International Conference on the World Wide Web was held in Boston.

Early life and education

Andreessen was born in Cedar Falls, Iowa, and raised in New Lisbon, Wisconsin. He is the son of Patricia and Lowell Andreessen, who worked with a seed company. He received his bachelor's degree in computer science from the University of Illinois in December 1993 (UIUC). He interned twice at IBM in Austin, Texas, as an undergraduate. He worked in the AIX graphics software development group that was responsible for the MIT X Window and ports of the 3D language APIs: SGI's Graphics Language (GL) and PHIGS. He also worked at the University of Illinois' National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), where he became familiar with Tim Berners-Lee's open standards for the World Wide Web. Andreessen and full-time salaried co-worker Eric Bina worked on building a browser with integrated graphics that could be ported to a variety of computers, including Windows. The result was the creation of the Mosaic web browser, which was released in 1993.

Personal life

Andreessen married Laura Arrillaga in 2006. She is the founder of the Silicon Valley Social Venture Fund and the niece of Silicon Valley real estate billionaire John Arrillaga. They have one son together.

Andreessen expressed some sympathy for Republican nominee Mitt Romney in 2012. During the 2016 primary season, he endorsed Republican nominee Carly Fiorina, but then Fiorina dropped out of the competition, Andreessen changed his vote to Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton, blaming Republican nominee Donald Trump's immigrant status.

He and his wife bought a Malibu property in 2021 for $177 million from Serge and Florence Azria. At the time, this was the highest price paid for a California home at that time.

Andreessen, a wealthy Atherton, California town, deterred the building of 131 multifamily housing units in 2022. Andreessen and his wife wrote a letter in which they wrote that they opposed allowing more than one house on a single acre of property. Andreessen's words sparked suspicions of hypocrisy, as he had earlier called for greater housing supply, particularly in California.

Andreessen has a chapter in Tim Ferriss' book Tools of Titans.

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Career

Andreesen has worked with Netscape, Opsware, created Andreessen Horowitz, Pinterest, LinkedIn, and Twitter.

Andreessen left UIUC in 1993 to work at Enterprise Integration Technologies. Andreessen then spoke with Jim Clark, the company's founder, who had just left the company. Clark argued that the Mosaic browser had great commercial potential and suggested that an Internet software firm be formed. Mosaic Communications Corporation was established in Mountain View, California, with Andreessen as co-founder and vice president of technology. The University of Illinois was dissatisfied with the company's use of the Mosaic name, so Mosaic Communications changed the name to Netscape Communications, and the Netscape Navigator, the company's flagship Web browser.

Andreessen was first introduced to the public eye in 1995 by Netscape's IPO. He was featured on the front pages of Time and other newspapers.

AOL bought Netscape in 1999 for $4.3 billion. Andreessen's appointment as its chief technology officer was contingent on the completion of the transaction. He was named one of the top 100 innovators in the United States under the age of 35 in the same year.

Andreessen discovered Opsware with Ben Horowitz, Tim Howes, and In Sik Rhee after AOL bought Netscape in late 1998. Loudcloud was founded in Loudcloud and offered computing, hosting, and software support to customers of internet and e-commerce businesses. In 2003, Loudcloud sold its hosting services to EDS and changed its name to Opsware, with Andreessen serving as chairman. In 2007, Hewlett-Packard acquired Hewlett-Packard for $1.6 billion, making it one of the first companies to sell apps as a service and explore cloud hosting.

Andreessen and long-time business partner Ben Horowitz invested separately in 45 start-ups, including Twitter and Qik, between 2005 and 2009. The two women became well-known as super angel investors. Andreessen Horowitz and Horowitz, a Silicon Valley venture capital company, revealed their Silicon Valley venture-capital company Andreessen Horowitz on July 6, 2009.

Among many other venture capital companies, the firm had been scrutinized for a lack of diversity in its workforce. Andreessen, in a New York magazine interview, said that the diversity debate was valid, but that the company, as well as other Silicon Valley venture capital firms, had been wrongly accused of intentionally discriminating against women and people of color. Andreessen replied that the problems were the "same thing" when asked specifically about the critique of ethnic and gender in Silicon Valley.

Begun started with a $300 million initial capitalization, but within three years the company grew to $2.7 billion under management over three funds. Facebook, Foursquare, GitHub, Pinterest, Twitter, and Honor, Inc. are among Andreessen Horowitz's portfolio companies.

An investment group that included Andreessen Horowitz acquired a majority interest in Skype on September 1, 2009, which was considered risky. When Microsoft bought Skype for $8.5 billion in May 2011, it was paid off. The firm supported Silicon Valley attorney Ted Wang in establishing the first free standardized seed round financing documents, the Series Seed Documents.

Andreessen first joined the eBay board of directors in 2008 and spent six years on it. Andreessen resigned from the board of directors in October 2014, following the company's decision to shut down its online payments unit PayPal. Andreessen and investor Carl Icahn were split on the decision to reopen contact with PayPal. Icahn argued for the PayPal split, but Andreessen opposed the spinoff, resulting in public infights. Andreessen was accused by Icahn of putting his own interests ahead of what was best for shareholders. Icahn argued in an open letter that contained detailed allegations of conflict of interest in eBay's 2009 sale of Skype to a group of private investors, which included Andreessen's own company.

Andreessen helps companies in which Andreessen Horowitz invests, including Mark Zuckerberg of Facebook and Mark Pincus of Zynga.

Andreessen and Horowitz were ranked No. 2 in the United States. No. 6 on the Vanity Fair's 2011 New Establishment List, no. 1 on CNET's 2011 most influential investors list and No. 1s. On the 2012 Forbes Midas List of Tech's Top Investors, the 2nd and the 21, respectively.

Andreessen Horowitz General Partners, Ben Levine, Jeff Jordan, John O'Farrell, and Scott Weiss pledged to give half of their lifetime incomes to charitable causes in April 2012.

Andreessen was included in Time 100, an annual list of the world's 100 most influential individuals, assembled by Time in 2012. His book "Software is eating the world" has been widely distributed and highly cited.

Andreessen was one of five internet and Web pioneers to be named with the inaugural Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering in 2013.

Andreessen wrote a paper "It's time to build" in April 2020, describing the US' COVID-19 response and suggesting technological and cultural solutions to the problem early in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Andreessen cofounded and chaired Ning, the third business he founded after Netscape and Loudcloud. In September 2011, it was revealed that Ning had been sold to Mode Media for a reported $150 million. Following the acquisition, Andreessen joined the board of directors of Glam Media.

He is a personal investor in companies like LinkedIn and boutique bank Raine.

Andreessen serves on the board of Facebook, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Kno, Stanford Hospital, Bump Technologies, Anki, Oculus VR, OpenGov, Dialpad, and TinyCo. Andreessen, the board member of Hewlett Packard Enterprise, announced in February 2018 that he did not seek reelection at the 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Andreessen had been partially responsible for some of the company's failures, including the recruitment of Leo Apotheker and the acquisitions of Autonomy and Palm.

He is an advisor and director of CollabNet in Asana. He is a fan of Bitcoin and cryptocurrency. Andreessen is on the consulting board for Neom, the Saudi Arabian government's proposal to create a futuristic megacity in the desert.

Andreessen took to Twitter in February 2016 to announce net neutrality to Facebook's upcoming project Free Basics. Anti-colonialism had been fatal for the Indian people, according to the tweet. Following backlash from Indians and non-Indians alike (including Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg), Andreessen later took down the tweet. Facebook spent millions of dollars advertising Free Basics to the Indian public. The scheme fell due to mistakes, including the introduction of preferential tariffs in accessing content and the establishment of a "walled garden" on the internet.

Facebook activists also filed a class action lawsuit in April 2016 to stop Zuckerberg's proposal to create a new class of non-voting shares. Andreessen is accused of secretly guiding Zuckerberg through a process that resulted in board approval of the change of stock, while Andreessen was an independent board member representing stockholders.

Andreessen provided Zuckerberg with information about their growth and fears, as well as helping Zuckerberg with court issues. Transcripts of private messages between Zuckerberg and Andreessen were included in court records.

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