Harry S. Truman

At 88 years old, Harry S. Truman has this physical status:

Harry S.Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was the 33rd president of the United States from 1945 to 1953, succeeding Franklin D.Roosevelt's death while acting as Vice President after serving as vice president.

He initiated the Marshall Plan to restore Western Europe's economy and also established the Truman Doctrine and NATO. Truman grew up in Independence, Missouri, and during World War II, I was sent to France as a captain in the Field Artillery.

He opened a haberdashery in Kansas City, Missouri, and was later elected as a Jackson County official in 1922.

Truman was elected from Missouri in 1934 and rose to national prominence as chairman of the Truman Committee, aimed at reducing waste and inefficiency in wartime jobs.

He approved the first and only use of nuclear weapons in war within days of being elected to the presidency.

Truman's administration initiated an internationalist foreign policy and condemned isolationism.

During the 1948 presidential race, he rallied his New Deal party and emerged a surprise victory that gained his own presidential term. Truman oversaw the Berlin Airlift of 1948.

When North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950, he obtained UN approval for the Korean War, which was a significant policy initiative.

It saved South Korea, but the Chinese intervened, pulling UN/US forces back and preventing a march toward communism in North Korea.

Truman's domestic bills were criticized by a conservative Congress, but his administration was able to lead the US economy through the postwar economic recession.

He introduced the first comprehensive civil rights bill in 1948 and released Executive Orders to begin racial integration in the military and federal departments. In the 1952 presidential election, corruption in the Truman administration became a key campaign issue.

Truman started a financially challenging retirement after Republican Dwight D.Eisenhower's reelection victory over Democrat Adlai Stevenson II, which was followed by the establishment of his presidential library and the publication of his memoirs.

Truman's presidency was sluggish when he left office, but scholars rehabilitated his image in the 1960s and he is highly ranked by scholars.

Early life, family, and education

Truman was born in Lamar, Missouri, on May 8, 1884, the oldest child of John Anderson Truman and Martha Ellen Young Truman. Harrison "Harry" Young, his maternal uncle, was named after him. His middle initial, "S," is not an abbreviation of one particular name, but rather honors both his grandfathers, Anderson Shipp Truman and Solomon Young, a semi-common activity in the American South. John Vivian, a brother, was born shortly after Harry was born, as did sister Mary Jane. Truman's ancestry is mainly English, with a few Scotish, German, and French names.

John Truman was a fisherman and a fisherman. The family lived in Lamar until Harry was ten months old, when they moved to a farm near Harrisonville, Missouri. They then migrated to Belton, where they purchased his grandparents' 600-acre (240 ha) farm in Grandview in 1887. Truman was six years old when his parents moved to Independence, Missouri, so he could attend the Presbyterian Church Sunday School. He did not attend a traditional school until he was eight years old. He was a shabbos goy for Jewish people while living in Independence, doing jobs for them on Shabbat where their faith barred them from doing anything on Shabbat.

Truman was interested in music, reading, and history, and his mother, with whom he was closely associated, encouraged him. She solicited political as well as personal advice as president. He woke up at five a.m. every morning to play the piano, which he did more than twice a week before he was fifteen years old, making him a natural performer. Truman served as a page at the 1900 Democratic National Convention in Kansas City; his father, Harry, had many friends active in the Democratic Party who helped him to gain his first political position.

Truman began attending classes at Spalding's Commercial College, a Kansas City business school, after graduating from Independence High School in 1901. He tried bookkeeping, shorthand, and typing, but after a year, he stopped.

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Working career

Truman spent a brief time in the mailroom of The Kansas City Star before finding a job as a timekeeper for construction crews on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway, which required him to sleep in workman's camps along the rail tracks. Truman and his brother Vivian later worked as clerks at the National Bank of Commerce in Kansas City.

Truman returned to the Grandview farm in 1906, where he served before joining the army in 1917. He sued Bess Wallace during this time. He was intended to marry in 1911, but his mother turned him down. Truman later stated that he intended to propose again, but that he wanted a better salary than that earned by a fisherman. He came to an end during his time on the farm and immediately after World War II, including a lead and zinc mine near Commerce, Oklahoma, a company that bought property and leased the oil drilling rights to prospectors, and speculation in Kansas City real estate. Truman occasionally earned some money from these businesses, but no one seemed to be profitable long-term.

Truman is the only president since William McKinley (1896) who did not complete a college degree. He took night courses instead of attending a business college from 1923 to 1925, earning him an LL.B. At the Kansas City Law School (now the University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Law), but after losing reelection as county judge, he resigned. He was advised by lawyers in the Kansas City area that his education and experience were certainly sufficient to obtain a license to practice law, but did not pursue it because he was elected as a presiding judge.

Truman applied for a law license while serving as president in 1947. A friend who was an advocate started to help Truman understand that his application had to be notarized. By the time Truman received this information, he had changed his mind, so he never followed up. The Missouri Supreme Court granted Truman a posthumous honorary law license after the school learned of his admission in 1996.

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