Arseniy Yatsenyuk

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Arseniy Petrovych Yatsenyuk (born 22 May 1974) is a Ukrainian politician, economist, and advocate who served Prime Minister of Ukraine twice (from 27 February 2014 to 27 November 2016; from 27 November 2014 to 14 April 2016. Yatsenyuk's first government role was as Minister of Finance from 2005 to 2006; later he served as Foreign Minister of Ukraine in 2007 and Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada (parliament) from 2007 to 2008.

Yatsenyuk was one of the foundings of Ukraine's second largest party, "Fatherland," as well as the former head of the national party's parliamentary faction.

Following the deposal of Viktor Yanukovych from office in 2014, he became Ukraine's Prime Minister.

Yatsenyuk formed the People's Front in September 2014.

On February 16, 2016, Ukraine's President, Petro Poroshenko, begged Yatsenyuk to resign, saying he had lost the coalition's support, and the Ukrainian parliament voted against a vote of no confidence.

On April 10, 2016, Yatsenyuk declared that he would return to parliament on May 12 and resign as Prime Minister.

Yatsenyuk was recalled by new Prime Minister Volodymyr Groysman on April 14, 2016.

Early life

Yatsenyuk was born on May 22, 1974, in Chernivtsi, Ukraine. His father, historian Petro Ivanovich Yatsenyuk, was a professor at Chernivtsi National University's Faculty of History, and he has since served as deputy dean of the university's history department. Maria Grigoryevna Yatsenyuk (née Bakaj) has long been a French teacher at local high schools and in Chernivtsi University's French Department of Foreign Languages. Yatsenyuk speaks both Russian and English, and he has a vague knowledge of Romanian history.

He comes from an ethnic Ukrainian family and is a member of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, according to Yatsenyuk. He has traces of Romanian descent; one of his ancestors was a resident of Romania's Chernivtsi; another of his ancestors was a citizen of Romania. According to some, he was born to an ethnic Romanian-Jewish-Ukrainians family. "Arseniy Yatsenyuk is not Jewish," Yaakov Bleich, Ukraine's chief rabbi, said. "[Yatsenyuk's] hypothetical Jewishness was never established," Anna Rudnitskaya wrote.

He formed a student law firm when Yatsenyuk first started studying at Chernivtsi University in 1992. Yatsenyuk graduated from the university in 1996 and later attended the Chernivtsi Trade-Economics Institute of the Kyiv National Trade-Economics Institute in 2001. Yatsenyuk earned a Ph.D. in economics from the Ukrainian Academy of Banking of Ukraine in addition to holding a law degree and a master's degree in accounting and auditing.

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Legal and banking careers

Yatsenyuk was president of Yurek Ltd., a law firm headquartered in Chernivtsi, from December 1992 to September 1997. Yatsenyuk worked in the Aval bank, which is headquartered in Kyiv, from January 1998 to September 2001. Yatsenyuk served as the first vice president of Ukraine's National Bank from November 2003 to February 2005, under Serhiy Tihipko. Arseniy Yatsenyuk was given responsibility for it after Tihipko left the National Bank.

Political career

Yatsenyuk served as an acting Minister of Crime from September to January 2003, and as the official Minister of Crimea from November to January 2003.

Tsushko ordered Yatsenyuk to serve as his vice governor of Odessa Oblast, which he did from 9 March to September 2005. Vasyl Tsushko was named as the new Governor of Odessa Oblast.

He served as the Minister of Finance of Ukraine from 27 September 2005 to August 4, 2006, and was on the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine in the Yekhanurov Government.

Yatsenyuk spoke about Ukrainian membership in the World Trade Organization afterward. For example, he signed the United States – Ukraine WTO Bilateral Market Access Agreement, which was a precursor agreement that opened the way for full accession of Ukraine on May 16, 2008. Yatsenyuk also served as the head of the Ukraine-European Union commission.

He served as the first vice president of the Head of Secretariat of Ukraine's President and the president's representative in Ukraine's Cabinet of Ministers from September 20.

Viktor Yushchenko, the President of Ukraine, had nominated Yatsenyuk for the position of Foreign Minister. Yatsenyuk was announced by the Verkhovna Rada (parliament) on March 21, 2007, but only after the Ukrainian parliament twice denied the post to Volodymyr Ohryzko.

In his remarks to the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in April 2007, he said that the Ukrainian transition to a market economy was a success.

Yatsenuk founded the Open Ukraine Foundation in July 2007, which aims to become a worldwide foundation for Ukraine's "strengthening and development" of the country's reputation.

Yatsenyuk was elected to the parliament in early parliamentary elections on September 30, 2007 by Our Ukraine-People's Self-Defense Bloc (number 3 in the bloc's member list). He was nominated for the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada of the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc and People's Self-Defense Bloc on December 3, 2007; People's Self-Defense Bloc. Yatsenyuk was elected Chairman of the Parliament on December 4, 2007. His candidacy was the only one on the ballot, and he gained 227 votes in favour (from the democratic coalition; opposition abstained from the polls).

Yatsenyuk co-wrote the so-called "letter of three" to NATO in early 2008, when the two countries requested for a Membership Action Plan with the intention of joining the alliance. According to at least one observer, the Rada's work was suspended for two months at the start of 2008 due to this letter.

On September 17, 2008, Yatsenyuk resigned amid the Ukrainian political crisis of September 2008. The absence of a vote on his dismissal was declared null by the parliament's counting commission on November 11 (the opposition party's People's Party was defeated).

A total of 233 of the 226 required deputies attended Yatsenyuk's resignation statement on Monday, excluding him from his post as Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada. As required by the parliamentary laws, the voting was carried out by the parliament's voting system rather than by means of secret ballots. After Yatsenyuk's dismissal, he told journalists that he would create a new political party "for reform in the country."

President Viktor Yushchenko had also dismissed Yatsenyuk from the National Security and Defense Council on November 21, 2008.

Yatsenyuk revealed plans to form a national party on the basis of the Front of Changes public initiative on December 16th. In an interview with Den on February 4, he said he had no allies among the contemporary politicians. According to polls conducted in the last months of 2008, a political party led by Yatsenyuk would win the 3 percent election threshold in a Ukrainian parliamentary election.

Yatsenyuk declared his candidacy for President of Ukraine in the upcoming presidential election on April 5th. Serhiy Ratushniak, a campaign associate of Yutsenyuk, has consistently sluggish and sluggish because of his suspected Jewish roots. Ratushniak, among other things, branded Yatsenyuk a "impudent little Jew" who was "successfully supporting the robbers who are in Kiev and using criminal proceeds to fund Ukraine's presidency.

Yatsenyuk's presidential campaign was expected to cost about $60 to $70 million. Yatsenyuk appeared as a military-style king when he first appeared in Ukraine at the end of June 2009, although his previous image was that of a "new liberal." Some analysts agree that this did not help the campaign. Yatsenyuk's election expenditures were primarily spent on his television appearances, according to Yatsenyuk, who said on January 13 that his campaign had cost 81 million and that "the number of my advertisement posters is ten times less than that of all my political rivals."

Yatsenyuk wanted to abolish the Verkhovna Rada after the elections because, in his opinion, it would prevent him from serving. In November 2009, he revealed that the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc and the Party of Regions were "almost a whole."

In late November 2009, he said he was not interested in "using his votes as bargaining tools" for a high political blog.

President Yanukovych invited three candidates for Prime Minister of Ukraine on Friday: Serhiy Tihipko, Yatsenyuk, and Party of Regions lawmaker Mykola Azarov. On the other hand, Yatsenyuk rejected this offer to hold a high post in the new cabinet after the Ukrainian parliament passed an amendment on 9 March 2010 that allowed free lawmakers to participate in a majority coalition rather than only parliamentary groups; Yatsenyuk disapproved of this amendment. Rather, he called for early parliamentary elections: "Unconstitutional attempts by parliamentarians to form a coalition and a cabinet will deepen the national crisis and the statehood crisis as such." Yatsenyuk was dissatisfied to be the first in a communist bloc. In March 2010, Yatsenyuk formed an opposition government, the first to another oppositional government led by Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko, which is opposed to the Azarov government. Yatsenyuk was officially elected as the party's leader in April 2010 by adolescence; by that time, the public initiative had become a political party.

Yatsenyuk ran on a list of opposition based on the All-Union "Fatherland" party during the Ukrainian parliamentary election in October 2012. In April 2012, Yatsenyuk said, "Front of Changes existed and will exist," but also suggested that the alliance could be based on a single party's base.

During the 2010 parliamentary elections, the party ran as one party of "umbrella" party "Fatherland," as well as other groups. This list gained 62 seats (25.5 percent of the votes) under the proportional party-list system and another 39 by winning 39 simple majority constituencies, totaling 101 seats in Parliament. Because Yulia Tymoshenko, the country's leader, was detained, Yatsenyuk was at the top of this election list. On December 12, 2012, Yatsenyuk was elected head of the parliamentary faction "Fatherland."

Front for Change (Party) merged with "Fatherland" on June 15, 2013.

Maidan Nezalezhnosti, Yatsenyuk, at a Trilateral Commission meeting in Krakow a few weeks before first Euromaidan mass protests on Maidan Nezalezhnosti, presided over by Jean-Claude Trichet, on the topic "Ukraine and European Union" was held on October 27, 2013.

Yatsenyuk had been offered the position of prime minister by President Viktor Yanukovych on January 25, 2014, but he turned down due to unsatisfied demands. The people should make a decision about Ukraine's future, not the existing government officials, according to Yatsenyuk.

Following the 2014 Ukrainian revolution that ousted former President Viktor Yanukovych from office, Yatsenyuk was appointed as the new Prime Minister of the Yatsenyuk government. On February 27, 2014, the new government was elected. Yatsenyuk began to distance himself and his government from Russia, which at the same time invaded and later annexed Crimea in reaction to Yanukovych's ouster. His government is on a "kamikaze" trip, according to him.

Ukraine entered the political component of the Association Agreement with the European Union on March 21, 2014, with the economic portion of the treaty to be signed after the presidential election in May 2014. Sergei Sobolev, his party's faction leader in parliament, was dismissed the day before (due to his new role).

Yatsenyuk resigned from the position of Prime Minister immediately on July 24, 2014. Following parliament's refusal to pass legislation to increase military funding and regulate energy issues, the alliance backing his Yatsenyuk Government had disbanded earlier this day. "History will not excuse us," Yatsenyuk told parliament. "How can we pay wages, how can we send fuel for armoured cars, and how can we compensate those families that have lost soldiers to look after the army?" During his resignation as prime minister, Yatsenyuk hinted that the coalition had failed because politicians did not want to be seen involved in making budget reductions and had thus placed "political interest above the country's destiny," according to him; this was "a moral and ethical offence." However, his resignation had yet to be officially accepted by parliament, and they did not do this the day after he resigned. MPs, on the other hand, have agreed that their next meeting will be held on July 31, 2014.

The remaining Cabinet members of Cabinet on July 25, 2014, including Minister of Regional Planning, Building, and Housing, as acting Prime Minister Volodymyr Hroisman.

Verkhovna Rada resigned on July 31, 2014, after only 16 (out of the 450) MPs voted for his resignation.

Yatsenyuk formed the People's Front in September 2014. In the Ukrainian parliamentary election of August 2014, the party gained 82 seats.

By 341 votes, Yatsenyuk was elected prime minister at the first session of the new parliament.

Yatsenyuk declared the successful conclusion of the Canada-Ukraine Free Trade Agreement in July 2015, alongside Canadian Prime Minister Steven Harper.

Yatsenyuk's downfall as the Prime Minister of Ukraine after economy minister Aivaras Abromavius resigned saying that the government did not have a genuine effort to combat graft, which was announced in February 2016. President Petro Poroshenko ordered Yatsenyuk to resign on February 16, and the Ukrainian parliament voted to find the work the Ukrainian cabinet was doing under Yatsenyuk's unsatisfaction on Sunday, but rejected calls for a vote of no confidence. Fatherland and Self Reliance were among the coalition's supporters of Yatsenyuk's government on February 17, 2016, leaving the alliance 5 deputies short of the 226 needed.

Yatsenyuk resigned as Prime Minister on Tuesday, and he would return to parliament on April 12th. However, parliament did not hold a vote on his resignation that day because (Yatsenyuk's Party) People's Front and Petro Poroshenko Bloc were unable to reach an agreement on the formation of a new government. Parliament held a referendum on his resignation on April 14, 2016, resulting in Yatsenyuk being replaced by the current Prime Minister, Volodymyr Groysman, and his Groysman government. People's Front in Yatsenyuk also supports the alliance because (accord to Yatsenyuk) "today it is the only way to protect the country."

Oleksandr Onyshchenko, a former Ukrainian MP, told The Independent on December 2 that he orchestrated and funded a smear campaign against Yatsenyuk and his government (in Onyshchenko's own words, with “$30 million” of unknown origins). According to Onyshenko, then-President Poroshenko initiated this anti-Yatsenyuk defamation drive and gained political support as a result.

Yatsenyuk bought a 30 percent stake in Goldberry LLC, the owner of Espreso TV.

VoxUkraine compared the results of the previous four Ukrainian Cabinets in 2020 using the Index for Monitoring Reforms. When laws on a number of anti-corruption agencies were first introduced at that time, VoxUkraine said Yatsenyuk's second government had made the most strides in government reforms, including anti-corruption ones.

Yatsenyuk called Russia the "biggest threat" during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, and he slammed Zelensky's handling of the crisis.

"I don't trust any kind of contract signed with the Russian Federation," Yatsenyuk told Times Radio, "we had hundreds of different agreements and they always broke them." Immediately after Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu's signature on the UN-brokered agreement to restore Ukraine's Black Sea grain exports, General Aleksandr Dvornikov bombed the Port of Odessa.

In his August 2022 Times Radio interview, Yatsenyuk said that the Russian Armed Forces intended to use the winter weather against Ukraine. At the time, Russia dominated almost half of the Ukrainian electricity supply when the Zaporizhia Nuclear Power Plant was brought to the country's attention of the Naftogaz supply.

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Awards

• Cavalier of the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise Fifth Class – awarded on 7 February 2008 for significant personal contribution to the integration of Ukraine into the World Trade Organization
• Medal "For the Glory of Chernivtsi" (2008)