Alberto Savinio

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Alberto Savinio [al'b'vinjo] was born Andrea Francesco de Chirico, painter, poet, essayist, playwright, and composer.

He was Giorgio de Chirico's younger brother.

Savinio's writings often dealt with philosophical and psychological topics, but he was also deeply concerned about art's philosophy.

He has also produced and performed plays for the stage.

During his lifetime, his career received mixed reviews, owing to his pervasive use of modernist techniques.

He was inspired by and a contemporary of Apollinaire, Picasso, Jean Cocteau, Max Jacob, and Fernand Léger, and had a major influence on the surrealist movement.

Life

Andrea De Chirico, a Genoese noble born in Athens, Greece, was the third child of Evaristo De Chirico and Gemma Cervetto De Chirico. Andrea's parents were living in Greece at the time of his birth, while his father worked on the Greek railway system as an engineer for the Societé des Chemins de Fer de la Thessalie. Giorgio de Chirico, his elder brother, who was three years old, was among his favorite artists. Adele (or Adelaide): Andrea also had an elder sister who died six months before his birth. Andrea will reflect on his travel experience later in his life as a unique opportunity to determine his own destiny by determining his own national identity.

Andrea was mainly homeschooled by his mother while living in Greece. He often depicts his father as educationally limiting, authoritarian, and oppressive. Andrea discovered Greece partially due to her homeschooling environment. He was enthralled by Ancient Greek ruins and culture, which were conducive to creativity and imagination in his youth. Andrea would later credit Greece for his fascination with critical thinking and irony.

Andrea also had a good musical education in addition to his homeschooling. He graduated from the Athens Conservatory with a concentration in piano and music composition at the age of 12. His father died when he was 14 years old. Andrea wrote a requiem in his father's memory as a result. Andrea's family has since returned to Italy's ethnic homeland. The family was relocated again, this time to Munich, Germany, after remaining in Italy for only a short time. Andrea began to be taught piano and composition by well-known musician Max Reger while living in Germany. Andrea composed his first work to receive critical acclaim, a three-act opera, Carmela, as well as an opera of lesser acclaim, Il tesoro del Rampsenita, during Reger's tutelage. Composer Pietro Mascagni and music publisher Ricordi received Carmela quickly.

Andrea's music had become so popular by 1911, when he was 20 years old, that it could be performed in public in Munich. Andrea set out on his own in Paris, France, the European avant-garde and modernist movements' epicenter. He befriended Guillaume Apollinaire, one of the leading writers, commentators, and artists in Paris, whose avant-garde movement. Andrea became acquainted with a variety of writers and artists, including Pablo Picasso, Jean Cocteau, Max Jacob, and Fernand Léger, while living in Paris. During this period, Andrea developed an interest in mime.

Andrea adopted the pen name Alberto Savinio in 1914, mainly in an attempt to distinguish himself from his increasingly popular artist-brother Giorgio de Chirico. Savinio founded Sincerismo (Sincerism) in the same year. Sincerismo largely abandoned polyphony and harmony in favour of dissonance and rhythm as the primary musical characteristics. Les Chants de la mi-mort (The Songs of Half-Death), a dramatic book with original illustrations and a piano suite accompaniment, was also produced by Savinio in that year. Les Chants de la mortt was mainly French but it also included passages in Italian. The poem was divided into four acts and featured four closely related scenes. Les Chants de la mi-mort concentrated on sleep (interpretatively referred to as "The Half Death") and was packed with strange, mechanical toy-like characters. The faceless dummy's description in the Giorgio de Chirico paintings became a staple.

Savinio and his brother returned to Italy shortly after World War I was declared in order to enlist in the Italian army. Following enlistment, the two were taken to Ferrara, Italy, where they first met Carlo Carrà. This group of three, who were under Giovanni Papini's influence, went on to found Scuola Metafisica, or Metaphysical Painting). Scuola Metafisica has long been recognized as one of twentieth-century Italy's most influential cultural experiences. Savinio was sent to Greece in 1917 as an interpreter for Italian troops. Savinio's stay in Greece gave him the opportunity to revisit his childhood play-world, and his influence can be seen in his first published book, Hermaphrodito. Hermaphrodito was published in 1918, and as Les Chants de la Mi-mort, it was a multilingual work, intertwining languages, prose, and poetry were included in Hermaphrodito. Hermaphrodito was also a mash-up of autobiography, fiction, thoughts, and fantasies; it even went beyond war journal as it often addresses specific events from World War II. "Nothing that I am springs from there, che ho fatto viene da li." (I haven't written anything from there.) Savinio's family was relocated to Rome after World War I.

Savinio produced Tragedia dell'infancia (Tragedy of Childhood), a mainly autobiographical collection of episodes illuminating the gap between the adult and juvenile experience and the culture's perception of the world in 1920. Each of Tragedia del l'infancia's episodes depicts a situation in which adult and "artistic" creativity is compared to childhood imaginations. Tragedia del l'infanzia was finally published in 1937.

The Metropolitan Opera of New York produced Perseus' ballet in 1924. La Casa Ispirata (The Haunted House) was published in 1925, his second book. The novel, set in 1910 Paris, tells the tale of the protagonist-narrator, who is apparently renting a room from a typical bourgeois house, which Savinio describes as "inhabited by Ghosts." In several ways, the book is a grimly comedic and grotesque reconstruction of modern life. The scenes in the book are both highly real and incredibly abstract, with a lot of attention being paid to the unconscious.

In Pirandello's Teatro d'Arte in Rome, Italy, this year also marked the start of his brother's collaboration with him. In many ways, the theater had always been a favorite medium for Savinio, as it was a crossroads of the visual, musical, and linguistic creativities. Savinio was immersed in every facet of the theater, from scripting to set design. Capitan Ulisse, a three-act drama that was essential to his body of work, was written while at Teatro d'Arte. The play was promoted in 1926, but it didn't happen due to theatre company issues. The play was finally published in 1934 and appeared at the Anton Giulio Bragaglia Theatre in Rome in 1938. Savinio also worked at Teatro d'Arte and married Maria Morino the following year, and then proceeded to marry her the following year.

Savinio's return to Paris in 1926 was a success, but he began to paint seriously. At the Bernheim Gallery in Paris in 1927, he had his first one-man exhibition as a painter. Savinio's contributions to the Avant-Garde movement during this period were largely in agreement with the National Fascist Party's Italian provincialism. This year, Angelica o la Notte di Maggio (Angelica or the Night in May), a parodical and surreal reinterpretation of the Ancient Greek myth of Eros and Psyche, was released this year as well. The novel tells the story of Angelica, a poor actress working in a second rate theater in Greece at the end of the nineteenth century, and Baron Felix von Rothspeer, a loveless, older aristocrat. In several ways, Savinio makes the theater a central protagonist in the story; it's depicted as a place where the senses and romance can be explored and appreciated deeply.

Angelica Savinio's daughter was born in 1928 in Paris; Ruggero's son, Ruggero, was born in 1934. Both of his children were named after Ludovico Ariosto's Orlando Furioso (1516). He was mainly concerned with literary, musical, and artistic criticism during this period of his life.

Infanzia di Nivasio Dolcemare (The Childhood of Nivasio Dolcemare) was published in 1941. This was and is considered one of Savinio's finest books, featuring a witty yet intensely narrative-driven style, an autobiographical tale about his childhood in Athens (Nivasio is an anagram for Savinio). Savinio, Orfeo vedova, and Agenzia Fix were among the five operas published in 1950. Savinio's fifth and final opera, Cristoforo Colombo, was produced for the radio, just before his death on May 5, 1952 in Rome, Italy.

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